Q1. Read the extract and answer the questions that follow:
On the day of the inauguration, I was overwhelmed with a sense of history. In the first decade of the 20th century, a few years after the bitter Anglo-Boer war and before my own birth, the white-skinned people’s of South Africa patched up their differences and created a system of racial domination against the dark-skinned people of their own land. The structure they created formed the basis of one of the harshest, most inhumane societies the world has ever known.
(a)What happened after Anglo-Boer war?
(b) What was the outcome of the patch-up?
(c) Pick the word in the passage which has the same meaning as ‘submerged’. (d) What is the meaning of the phrase ‘to patch up the differences’?
Q 2. Choose the correct option:
1. How does Nelson Mandela define the meaning of courage? (a) Triumph over fear
(b) Triumph over love
(c) Triumph over selfish
(d) Triumph over poverty
2. Which flame can be hidden but never extinguished?
(a) Man’s love
(b) Man’s natural way (c) Man’s goodness (d) None of the Above
3. Who, according to Mandela is not free? (a) oppressor
(b) oppressed
(c) both 1 and 2
(d) none of the above
Q3. Answer the following questions in 20-30 words:
1. Based on your reading of the lesson, what can you infer about Mandela as a father and as a leader?
2. If you were in Mandela’s position, would you have given preference to your family or your country? Why?
3. At the beginning of the speech Mandela mentions an extra ordinary human disaster. What does he mean by this?
Q4. Answer the following questions in 40-50 words:
1. Create two most important questions that you would have liked to ask Nelson Mandela during an interview. Give your reasons for choosing those questions.
2. Describe the value of freedom for the human beings and how it is important for the growth of civilization?
3. What different concepts of freedom did Mandela have at different stages of his life?
Q4. Answer the following questions in 100-120 words:
1. Freedom is inconsequential if it is behind bars of prejudice and narrow mindedness. How would you explain this statement? Support your answer with suitable examples from the real world.
2. Nelson Mandela points out some human qualities in his speech. Which of these qualities impresses you the most? Do you think these qualities have become rare now- a- days?
Answers
1.) (a) After Anglo-Boer war, the white people of South Africa erected a system of racial discrimination against the black people of their own land.
(b) New government was created as the recognition of the rights and freedoms of all peoples regardless of the colour of their skin.
(c) The word is ‘overwhelmed’.
(d) The meaning is ‘to settle some dispute’.
2.) (a) Man’s love
3.) (c) both 1 and 2
4.) 1.) Mandela was a loving father. He wanted to provide everything to his family. Not only this, he was a great leader. He felt for all his countrymen. So, he gave up his family for the greater cause of gaining freedom for his countrymen.
2.) Everчbodч ɯhether humαn or other creαtures ɯαnts to lıve free αs freedom ıs nαturαl to αll lıvıng beıngs. Γhe vαlue of freedom ıs better knoɯn to thαt humαn beıng ɯho hαs not tαsted ıt tıll he gets ıt. Δ person ɯho ıs chαıned ɯıth the lımıts αnd not αlloɯed to perform hıs dutıes freelч, vαlues freedom more thαn αnчone else. Ғor ınstαnce the vαlue of freedom ıs knoɯn better to Mαndelα ɯho remαıned behınd the bαrs most of hıs lıfe. Γhınk αbout α bırd or αnımαl ɯhıch ıs cαged αs theч hαve the hαbıt of lıvıng ɯıth full freedom but ın the cαge theч αre not free αnd theır condıtıons αre verч pıtıαble. Sımılαrlч, lıfe becomes α hell ıf ɯe αre deprıved of freedom. Γhere ıs no groɯth of cıvılısαtıon αs ıt groɯs onlч ɯhen one hαs freedom. Sımılαrlч, humαnısm groɯs ın the αtmosphere of freedom. ı hope ıt helps u , ıts αccordαnce ɯıth the chαpter ṈELSOṈ MΔṈDELΔS WΔLK ΓO ҒREEDOM
3.) Mandela had different concepts of freedom at different stages of life. As a boy, he had an illusion about freedom. He thought he was born free. As long as he obeyed his elders, he had the freedom to run in the fields, swim in the stream and ride on the back of bulls.
Where did the ceremonies take place? Can you name any public buildings in India that are made of sandstone?
ANSWER:
The ceremonies took place in the sandstone amphitheatre formed by the Union Buildings in Pretoria.
The Parliament House in New Delhi, the Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi, the Supreme Court of India in New Delhi and Madras High Court in Chennai are some examples of Indian public buildings that are made of sandstone
Question 3:At the beginning of his speech, Mandela mentions “an extraordinary human disaster”. What does he mean by this? What is the “gloriou human achievement” he speaks of at the end?
ANSWER:The ‘extraordinary human disaster’ that Mandela mentioned at the beginning of his speech refers to the inhuman practice of apartheid i.e., the racial discrimination suffered by the blacks at the hands of whites in South Africa. At the end, the ‘glorious human achievement’ that he spoke of refers to the establishment of South Africa’s first democratic, non-racial government.