Q1 Read the following passage and answer the questions below. (10 marks) Motivations for realism in underdeveloped countries are understandably different from those in developed countries. There, it is a sheer physical necessity for the very act of man's survival. In third world countries, which are predominantly rural, the only lever that can lift human life above its present subhuman level is rural development. Rural life in such countries has been stagnating for centuries on end. Nothing worthwhile has been done to ameliorate the conditions of the rural population, which is only slightly different from that of their quadruped counterparts. Ignorance, ill health and poverty have become synonymous with rural life in the undeveloped and underdeveloped countries. But the worst tragedy is that the concerned human populations have taken the state of affairs for granted, as something unalterable, something for which there is no remedy. Every ray of hope has gone out of their lives. In such countries, rural development is the inevitable condition of any material or non material advancement. As such, enlightened sections of all such countries have been taking ever growing interest in the question of rural development. This was also part of The Legacy of their freedom struggle. In countries like India, it is well known that attempts at rural development were an inseparable part of Independence Movement. Leaders like Mahatma Gandhi realised quite well that the real India lives in her stagnating villages. Cities, which were mostly the products of Western colonialism, were just artificial showpieces. Even in cities, there were two worlds. The posh areas, where the affluent few, mostly the products and custodians of Imperial interest, lived were little islands in Gulf by the vast ocean of Dirt represented by the vast majority of people. Cities were by no means unknown to India but, in ancient India, they were integral parts organically related to the rest of the country and society. But modern cities are exotic centres of commercial and industrial exploitation. Cities in ancient India were the flowers of cultural and artistic excellence of the nation, where as modern cities are just parasites, preying on and debilitating the country. 1. The urgent need of the hour in underdeveloped countries is _______ . (a) Removing ignorance (b) Better living conditions (c) Rural development (d) Eradication of poverty 2. The greatest impediment to progress in villages is that people living there feel _____ about any possible ______ . (1) (a) Optimistic, change (b) Happy, improvement (c) Bad, disaster (d) Pessimistic, improvement 3. Third world countries are _____ . (1) (a) Predominantly rural (b) Predominantly urban (c) Well developed (d) Equally rural and urban 4 Attempt at rural development were _____ part of the Independence Movement. (1) (a) A non-essential (b) An inseparable (c) An insignificant (d) None of these 5. What differentiates ancient Indian cities from the modern ones? (2) 6. What are modern cities like? (2) 7. What are referred to as ‘artificial showpieces’ ? (2)
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Answers
Answer:
in the third world countries which are predominantly rural the only lever that can lift human life above it's present subhuman level is rural development
Answer:
1. The urgent need of the hour in underdeveloped countries is the Eradication of poverty
2. The greatest impediment to progress in villages is that people living there feel Pessimistic about any possible improvement.
3. Third world countries are Predominantly rural
4. Attempts at rural development were an inseparable part of the Independence Movement.
5. The difference between ancient Indian cities from modern ones is that the ancient cities were the flowers of cultural and artistic excellence of the nation whereas modern cities are just parasites preying on and debilitating the country, India.
6. Modern cities are exotic centers of commercial and industrial exploitation. They are practically just parasites, preying on and debilitating the country.
7. The cities which are mostly the products of Western Colonialism are referred to as "artificial showpieces."