Q1.Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
1. Experts say that what customers buy in the name of herbal cosmetics is often the same synthetic cosmetic with a herb or two added, which works to lure customers. A product that says it is 100% natural may be misleading in the sense that it’s difficult to stabilize a fully natural base and is always quite expensive, requiring advanced technology. The desired shelf life of a product is expected to be at least two years, but that of a purely herbal product would be restricted to about six months. Also, the product won’t be aesthetically appealing as a synthetic product. Hence manufacturers of herbal products have to include synthetic base ingredients to balance the formula.
2. Herbal ingredients might also cause allergies as they may contain a large number of constituents which may be allergic to that user. Thus the concept of using ‘total extracts’ may be harmful, because there are several other ingredients going into the product. Also, things like pH need to be considered before using it.
3. According to the law experts, customers suing someone is considered extreme. Given the legal system in India and the long-drawn litigation process, consumers tend to pursue legal action against manufacturers/distributors in the event of any problem. However, with the dawn of consumer forums and more effective laws protecting the interests of the consumers, the trend is slowly moving towards this direction.
4. At times it is not just manipulative manufacturers and passive consumers but sometimes weak and absent rules regarding the process of manufacturing can also get fake production licences. Also one cannot make a generalisation that synthetics are safe while naturals are harmful. I would say that the difference is that if one is a known devil (synthetics) the other is unknown. Unlike the case of synthetic cosmetic, herbal cosmetics are still in a nascent stage. You don’t have well-defined standards for the use of raw materials in the production of herbal cosmetics.
5. Finally, customers can also check out their cosmetics by using the ‘Cosmetics ingredient dictionary, a database of 19,000 ingredients. It claims to help users check out what chemical compounds they use daily. This App lets you feed the names of the ingredients written on the container into the app and then get the reading about it.
(a) As per the passage, customers in India don’t easily sue someone because:
(i) legal systems are pathetic
(ii) legal systems are long-drawn
(iii) clients lose the time and money
(iv) all of the above
(b) The desired shelf life of a purely herbal product is about:
(i) eight months
(ii) six months
(iii) nine months
(iv) one year
(c) The Cosmetics Ingredients Dictionary is a dictionary about cosmetics. (True/False)
(d) Find the word from the passage that mean the same as ‘skilful at influencing in an unfair way. (para 4)
Q2. Study the given notes and complete the paragraph that follows by filling up the gaps with the most appropriate option from those given:
It was a rainy day. Traffic (a)………… busy on the road. A (b)…………. hit a car badly in the market. Five commuters were badly injured while one person (c)……………………..on the spot. The injured persons were taken to the nearest hospital. The local people were of great help.
a) (i) will be (ii) was (iii)is (iv) has been
(b) (i) speeding bus (ii) speeded bus (iii) sped up bus (iv) speed bus
(c) (i) was died (ii) had died (iii) died (iv) is died
Q3.First, Second or Third?
DIRECTIONS: Circle the answer that best defines the word.
1. engender
Prevent
Allow
cause to exist
2. vitiate
pity
speak ill of
make impure
3. pacify
regret
follow
calm someone down
4. dearth
hole
lack
bunk bed
5. indolence
experience
laziness
fault
Answers
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Answer:
All answers are given in the explanation below.
Explanation:
QUES 1
Ans a) As per the passage, customers in India don't easily sue someone because the legal system is pathetic, long-drawn and clients lose time and money. So the correct option will be: iv) all of the above.
Ans b) The desired shelf life of a purely herbal product is about ii) six months.
Ans c) The cosmetics ingredient dictionary is a dictionary about ingredients. So the statement is false.
Ans d) The word from the passage that means the same as ‘skillful at influencing in an unfair way is " lure".
QUES 2
It was a rainy day. Traffic (a)was busy on the road. A (b)speeding bus hit a car badly in the market. Five commuters were badly injured while one person (c)died on the spot. The injured persons were taken to the nearest hospital. The local people were of great help.
QUES 3
1) ENGENDER: Cause to exist
2) VITIATE: Make impure
3) PACIFY: Calm someone down
4) DEARTH: Lack
5) INDOLENCE: Laziness