Q1. What are antibiotics? What precautions must be taken while taking antibiotics?
Q2. How are viruses different from other microorganisms ?
Q3.What are antibodies?How do they work ?
Q4. What are vaccines ?How are they prepared ?
Q5.What are communicable diseases?
Q6.Explain the commercial role of microorganisms?
Q7.How are microorganisms responsible for soil fertility?
Q8.What is food preservation ? What are the various ways in which food can be
preserved ?
Q9.Explain nitrogen cycle with a well labelled diagram .
Answers
Answer:
1.Antibiotics are medicines that help stop infections caused by bacteria. They do this by killing the bacteria or by keeping them from copying themselves or reproducing. The word antibiotic means “against life.” Any drug that kills germs in your body is technically an antibiotic.
Following precautions must be taken while taking antibiotics:
Antibiotics should be taken only on the advice of a qualified doctor. One must finish the course prescribed by the doctor. Antibiotics must be avoided when not needed or in wrong doses.
2.Unlike bacteria, viruses can't survive without a host. They can only reproduce by attaching themselves to cells. In most cases, they reprogram the cells to make new viruses until the cells burst and die. In other cases, they turn normal cells into malignant or cancerous cells.
3.When a disease-carrying microbe enters our body, the body produces antibodies to fight the invader. The body also remembers how to fight the microbe if it enters again. So, if dead or weakened microbes are introduced in a healthy body, the body fights and kills
them by producing suitable antibodies. The antibodies remain in the body andwe are protected from the disease- causing microbes. This is how a vaccine works. Several diseases, including cholera, tuberculosis, smallpox and hepatitis can be prevented by vaccination.
4. same answer of question 3.
5.Microbial diseases that can spread from an infected person to a healthy person through air, water, food
or physical contact are called communicable diseases.
6.Microorganisms can be useful in making vinegar (acetic acid). Microorganisms can be useful in making some organic medicines. Microorganisms can be useful in making Urea for soil fertility. Microorganisms can be useful for fixing atmospheric nitrogen.
7.Soil microorganisms are responsible for most of the nutrient release from organic matter. When microorganisms decompose organic matter, they use the carbon and nutrients in the organic matter for their own growth. They release excess nutrients into the soil where they can be taken up by plants.
8.Among the oldest methods of preservation are drying, refrigeration, and fermentation. Modern methods include canning, pasteurization, freezing, irradiation, and the addition of chemicals. Advances in packaging materials have played an important role in modern food preservation.
9.Our atmosphere has 78% nitrogen gas. Nitrogen is one of the essential constituents of all living organisms as part of proteins, chlorophyll, nucleic acids and vitamins. The atmospheric nitrogen cannot be taken directly by plants and animals. Certain bacteria and
blue green algae present in the soil fix nitrogen from the atmosphere and convert into compounds of nitrogen. Once nitrogen is converted into these
usable compounds, it can be utilised by plants from the soil through their root system. Nitrogen is then used for the synthesis of plant proteins and other
compounds. Animals feeding on plants get these proteins and other nitrogen compounds.
Answer:
1.antibiotics can be protect from harmful bacteria it can present in our body but these bacteria are useful
Explanation:
2.viruses is very dangerous for our body it can not destroy and harm our immune system and other parts.
3.antibiotics how to function when antibiotics inject our body immune system can be strong its helps to fight against harmful bacteria.
4. vaccine means you can say that it is our immune system and they prepared from chemicals but this chemicals is suitable for our body.
5. communicable disease means communication yes because it is separed from one person to other person .
6.
commercial role is very important for our life suppose you make vinegar and curd some useful bacteria can be help for making products.
7. microorganisms responsible for soil fertility because it help to decompose dead matter and release nutrition whish is helpful for plants.
8. food preservation is very simple process if you can see you can make pickeal throw in that is can preserve from spoil you can use common salt means nacl.
9.nitrogen circle i can let me tell some step firt is nitrogen fixation ,ammmonification,nitrification etc you can search from search engine
I hope you understand my points thank you soo much for these questions ✌.