Question

Q1. What is the meaning and aim of production? What is the most common way of increasing production on a given piece of land? Q2. What are the various requirements of production of goods and services? Explain with example. Q3. What is Green Revolution? Mention some of its features. Name the two states which were the first to try out the modern farming methods in India. Q4. Write three achievments of Green Revolution in Indian agriculture. Q5. What are the three negatives effects of Green Revolution on environment? Q6. State any three advantages of multiple cropping . Q7. What are modern farming methods? Explain their drawbacks. Q8. Is it important to increase the area under irrigation? Why? Q9. Construct a table on the distribution of land among the 450 families of Palampur. Q10. Why are the wages for farm labourers in Palampur less than minimum wages? Q11. What are the different ways of increasing production on the same piece of land? Use examples to explain. Q12. Describe the work of a farmer with 1 hectare of land. Q13. How do the medium and large farmers obtain capital for farming? How is it different from the small farmers? Q14. What was the major impact of electricity on the farmers of Palampur? Explain Q15.What problems do farm labourers face in terms of employment ? Explain any three problems Q16.Explain any three non-farm production activities taken by the people in Palampur. Q17.Explain four efforts that can be made to increase non-farming production activities in villages?

Answer 1

1. Producing something
2. Land, money ,labour,raw material,etc.
3. Revolution for increasing production of wheat.
4. Increase in wheat production,increase in income, Increase in cultivated land
5. Nothing
6. More profit, less pests, savage of time
7. Tractors and machine
8. Yes so that production of food increase
9. no need
10. I don't know
11. multiple cropping, inter cropping, latest farming methods, etc
12. Farming
13. With money
14. New methods of farming
15. many problems
16. black smithery, carpenter , shopkeeping
17. Education, speeches by politicians, etc.

Answer 2

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Q.1

Multiple cropping and use of modern farming methods are two different ways of increasing production on the same piece of land. e.g.,

• (i) Multiple Cropping When more than one crop is grown on a piece of land during the year it is known as multiple cropping.
• It is the most common way to increase production on a given piece of land.
• All farmers in Palampur grow at least two main crops; many are growing potato as the third crop in the past fifteen to twenty years.
• (ii) Use of Modern Farming Methods Modern farming methods also help to increase the yield per hectare.

Q.2

• The main requirements for the production of goods and services are land, labor, physical capital, and human capital.

Q.3

• (1) The Green Revolution is the name given to the new agricultural technology or techniques of farming adopted in the late 1960s in India.
• (2)Farmers of Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh were the first to try out the modern farming methods in India.

Q.4

• (i) Increase in Per Hectare Productivity
• (ii) Development of Industries
• (iii) Prosperity to Farmers
• (iv) Effect on Consumers
• (v) Increase in Production
• (vi) Effect on Rural Employment
• (vii) Ploughing Back of Profits
• (viii) Changes in Thinking

Q.5

• Loss of soil fertility, erosion of soil, soil toxicity, diminishing water resources, pollution of underground water, salinity of underground water, increased incidence of human and livestock diseases

Q.6

• Reduction of the risk of total loss from pest, drought and diseases.
• It helps the farmers with land shortages as it gives full production in small plots.
• It also helps in maintaining the fertility of soil by nitrogen fixation.

Q.7

• 1)The excessive use of chemicals by the help of machines reduces the fertility of the land.
• 2)Lack of practical knowledge the farmers cant handle the machines properly. 3)While the cost of maintenance is very high.
• 4)Overuse of machines may lead to environmental damage.

Q.8

• Yes, it is important to increase the area under irrigation because water is very essential for agriculture. In India, the rainfall is unevenly distributed in the country and if rainfall is less, then production will be low, and they will be only able to grow one crop in a season.

Q.10

• The wages for farm labourers in Palampur are lower than the wages for farm labourers set by the government due to intense competition. There is heavy competition among the farmers for work in Palampur, so farmers get ready to work for lower wages.