Q1 Write the main function of leucoplast.
Q2 What is the function of SER in liver cells of vertebrates?
Q3 Why the RER appears rough?
Q4 Why viruses are not supposed to be living?
Q5 What is a nucleoid?
Q6 Why dry raisins placed in water swell up?
Q7 In which part of a plant chromoplasts are found?
Q8 Where are genes located?
Q9 What will happen if we keep a plant cell or animal cell in a i) Hypotonic solution ii)
Hypertonic solution iii) Isotonic solution.
Q10 Explain the importance of osmosis for living beings?
Q11 Give the historical development of cell theory.
Q12 Who coined the term “cell “ and how?
Q13 Write the contribution of (a) Robert Hooke, (b) Leeuwenhoek (c) Robert Brown
Q14 Draw a large diagram of an animal cell as seen through aan electron microscope. Label
the parts that carry on the function of Respiration, secretion, protein synthesis, transport of
material.
Q15 Which substance is responsible for transfer of characters from one generation to
another?
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Answers
Answer:
1)The main function of leucoplasts is storage. Leucoplasts are plastids found in plants where photosynthesis does not take place. Being present in roots and tubers and various other "non-photosynthetic" parts of the plants, they store substances like lipids, an array of proteins and carbohydrates in the form of 'starch
2)SER in the liver of vertebrates helps in detoxification . It metabolizes various toxic and poisonous substances such as drugs , aspirin , insecticides , petroleum products and pollutants . These toxic substances make their entry in animal's body through food , air , and water .
3)Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
RER is arranged as a series of stacked membranes close to the nucleus. They appear rough as there are large number of ribosome attached to the cytoplasmic side of their membranes. The ribosomes undergo the function of protein synthesis.
4)Viruses are not living things. Viruses are complicated assemblies of molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, but on their own they can do nothing until they enter a living cell. Without cells, viruses would not be able to multiply. Therefore, viruses are not living things.
5)nucleoid is an irregularly shaped region within the prokaryotic cell that contains all or most of the genetic material. The chromosome of a prokaryote is circular, and its length is very large compared to the cell dimensions needing it to be compacted in order to fit.
6)When dry raisins are placed in water, it has a low water concentration or is less dilute from the surrounding water. ... This continuous inward movement of water swells up the raisins and is called end osmosis
7)Chromoplasts are found in fruits, flowers, roots, and stressed and aging leaves, and are responsible for their distinctive colors. This is always associated with a massive increase in the accumulation of carotenoid pigments. The conversion of chloroplasts to chromoplasts in ripening is a classic example.
8)The total complement of genes in an organism or cell is known as its genome, which may be stored on one or more chromosomes. A chromosome consists of a single, very long DNA helix on which thousands of genes are encoded. The region of the chromosome at which a particular gene is located is called its locus.
9)Isotonic solutions have the same water concentration on both sides of the cell membrane. Blood is isotonic. ... If you place an animal or a plant cell in a hypertonic solution, the cell shrinks, because it loses water ( water moves from a higher concentration inside the cell to a lower concentration outside ).
10)The role of osmosis is twofold - it helps maintain a stable internal environment in a living organism by keeping the pressure of the inter and intra-cellular fluids balanced, and it allows the absorption of nutrients and expulsion of waste from various bodily organs on the cellular level.
11)The historical development of the cell theory is as follows : In 1838 , Matthias Schleiden , a German Botanist , announced that every plant is made up of a large number of cells. ... Rudolf Virchow in 1858 made an addition to the cell theory by saying that all cells arise from pre - existing cells
12)Robert Hook
Robert Hook coined the term 'cell' when he first observed plant cells( cells of cork) in 1665. According to him, the cells looked similar to 'cellula' or small rooms that monks inhabited and hence the name cell
13)Robert Hooke: Robert Hooke was the first scientist to observe cells,in 1665. ... Leeuwenhoek (1674), with the improved microscope, discovered the free living cells in pond water for the first time. Robert Brown: Robert Brown in 1831 who discovered the nucleus in the cell.
14)chromosomes
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Answer:
Q. 1They serve various functions, for example, storage of starch, lipids, or proteins. Plastids of these three types are respectively known as amyloplasts, elaioplasts, and proteinoplasts. A leucoplast may also perform biosynthetic functions such as the synthesis of fatty acids, amino acids, and various other compounds.
Q.2 SER in the liver of vertebrates helps in detoxification . It metabolizes various toxic and poisonous substances such as drugs , aspirin , insecticides , petroleum products and pollutants . These toxic substances make their entry in animal's body through food , air , and water .
Q.3 RER is arranged as a series of stacked membranes close to the nucleus. They appear rough as there are large number of ribosome attached to the cytoplasmic side of their membranes.
Q.4 Viruses are not living things. Viruses are complicated assemblies of molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, but on their own they can do nothing until they enter a living cell. Without cells, viruses would not be able to multiply.
Q.5 The nucleoid is an irregularly shaped region within the prokaryotic cell that contains all or most of the genetic material.
Q.6. The nucleoid (meaning nucleus-like) is an irregularly-shaped region within the cell of a prokaryote that contains all or most of the genetic material. In contrast to the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, it is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
Q.7 Chromoplasts are found in fruits, flowers, roots, and stressed and aging leaves, and are responsible for their distinctive colors.
Q.8. genes located on one of the 23 chromosome pairs.
Q.9 1) The cell will increase in size and will bulge and will burst out.
2)The cell size decreases and thus the cell shrinks.
3) The cell's shape and size remains same.
Q.10. the role of osmosis is twofold - it helps maintain a stable internal environment in a living organism by keeping the pressure of the inter and intra-cellular fluids balanced, and it allows the absorption of nutrients and expulsion of waste from various bodily organs on the cellular level.
Q.11. The historical development of the cell theory is as follows : In 1838 , Matthias Schleiden , a German Botanist , announced that every plant is made up of a large number of cells. ... Rudolf Virchow in 1858 made an addition to the cell theory by saying that all cells arise from pre - existing cells.
Q.12. The Origins Of The Word 'Cell' In the 1660s, Robert Hooke looked through a primitive microscope at a thinly cut piece of cork. He saw a series of walled boxes that reminded him of the tiny rooms, or cellula, occupied by monks. Medical historian Dr. Howard Markel discusses Hooke's coining of the word "cell".
Q.13. Robert Hooke was the first scientist to observe cells,in 1665. Leeuwenhoek (1674), with the improved microscope, discovered the free living cells in pond water for the first time. Robert Brown in 1831 who discovered the nucleus in the cell.
Q.15. DNA
Q.14. In attachment
