Q1discuss main agencies of social control. long question answer
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Answer:
The following are the agencies of social control in India:
(I) Custom, (II) Folkways and Folkmores, (III) Law, (IV) Religion and (V) Education.
I. Custom:
Custom denotes habit not in the sense an individual acquires a habit. It is a social habit in the sense that once the members of a group form a habit, it becomes a recognized custom only if it is backed by social sanctions. While Ginsberg states that custom gets so ingrained in life that we follow it almost instinctively, McIver and Page stress the inter-relationship of habit and custom.
An individual habit like taking tea or coffee with morning breakfast is not a custom; when a habit becomes socially expressed and when it carries social and external sanction, it becomes a custom. For example, holding celebrations and festivals are a custom but having a get-together of friends on holidays is a habit.
It is important that a particular mode of behaviour should be adopted as a practice by a social group before it is regarded as a custom. Going to church on Sundays is a custom among Christians, while saying prayers individually at some times of the day may be a habit if done voluntarily.