Question

Q2 a) Define an ecosystem. Give example of any two ecosystem.
b) List the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem.

Answer 1

here's your answer buddy................

“An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system.
eg:- pond , forest , grassland etc

Abiotic factors are the non-living parts of the environment that can often have a major influence on living organisms. Abiotic factors include water, sunlight, oxygen, soil and temperature.

hope it helps you..............
pls mark as brainliest................

Answer 2

Hi dear....

Here is ur ans.....


Conserve Energy Future


What is an Ecosystem?

An ecosystem, a term very often used in biology, is a community of plants and animals interacting with each other in a given area, and also with their non-living environments. The non-living environments include weather, earth, sun, soil, climate and atmosphere. The ecosystem relates to the way that all these different organisms live in close proximity to each other and how they interact with each other. For instance, in an ecosystem where there are both rabbits and foxes, these two creatures are in a relationship where the fox eats the rabbit in order to survive. This relationship has a knock on effect with the other creatures and plants that live in the same or similar areas. For instance, the more rabbits that foxes eat, the more the plants may start to thrive because there are fewer rabbits to eat them.

According to Wikipedia,


“An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system. These biotic and abiotic components are regarded as linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. As ecosystems are defined by the network of interactions among organisms, and between organisms and their environment, they can be of any size but usually encompass specific, limited spaces (although some scientists say that the entire planet is an ecosystem).”

VanDusen-botanical-garden

Ecosystems can be huge, with many hundreds of different animals and plants all living in a delicate balance, or they could be relatively small. In particularly harsh places in the world, particularly the North and South Poles, the ecosystems are relatively simple because there are only a few types of creatures that can withstand the freezing temperatures and harsh living conditions. Some creatures can be found in multiple different ecosystems all over the world in different relationships with other or similar creatures. Ecosystems also consist of creatures that mutually benefit from each other. For instance, a popular example is that of the clown fish and the anemone – the clown fish cleans the anemone and keeps it safe from parasites as the anemone stings bigger predators that would otherwise eat clown fish.

EARTH AS AN ECOSYSTEM STANDS OUT IN THE ALL OF THE UNIVERSE. THERE’S NO PLACE THAT WE KNOW ABOUT THAT CAN SUPPORT LIFE AS WE KNOW IT, NOT EVEN OUR SISTER PLANET, MARS, WHERE WE MIGHT SET UP HOUSEKEEPING SOMEDAY, BUT AT GREAT EFFORT AND TROUBLE WE HAVE TO RECREATE THE THINGS WE TAKE FOR GRANTED HERE.
– SYLVIA EARLE

An ecosystem can be destroyed by a stranger. The stranger could be rise in temperature or rise in sea level or climate change. The stranger can affect the natural balance and can harm or destroy the ecosystem. Its a bit unfortunate but ecosystems have been destroyed and vanished by man-made activities like deforestation, urbanization and natural activities like floods, storms, fires or volcanic eruptions.

Ecosystem Structure

At a basic functional level, ecosystem generally contains primary producers (plants) capable of harvesting energy from the sun through the process called photosynthesis. This energy then flows through the food chain. Next come consumers. Consumers could be primary consumers (herbivores) or secondary consumers (carnivores). These consumers feed on the captured energy. Decomposers work at the bottom of the food chain. Dead tissues and waste products are produced at all levels. Scavengers, detritivores and decomposers not only feed on this energy but also break organic matter back into its organic constituents. It is the microbes that finish the job of decomposition and produce organic constituents that can again be used by producers.

Energy that flows through the food chain i.e. from producers to consumers to decomposers is always inefficient. That means less energy is available at secondary consumers level than at primary producers level. Its not surprising but amount of energy produced from place to place varies a lot due to amount of solar radiation and the availability of nutrients and water.

Types of Ecosystem

There are very many types of ecosystems out there, but the three major classes of ecosystems, sometimes referred to as ‘biomes’, which are relatively contained, are the following:

Freshwater Ecosystems
Terrestrial Ecosystems
Ocean Ecosystems
Freshwater Ecosystems




Hope it hlps....

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