Question

Q2. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow: (15M)

1. The introduction of harmful waste materials that are hazardous to life, the natural world

and our activities, is commonly known as pollution. Pollution has harmful effects on the

ecosystem. It disturbs the balance of biosphere in which living beings survive.

2. This imbalance of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon and water vapour causes

discomfort to all living organisms on the planet. It depletes the ozone layer over the earth that

defends us from the damaging ultraviolet rays of the sun. The major types of environmental

pollution are air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, thermal pollution, soil pollution

and light pollution.

3. Environmental pollution is caused by deforestation and hazardous gaseous emissions Air

pollution is caused by the smoke emitted by cars, buses, trucks, trains and factories. This is

known to cause lung cancer, asthma, allergies, and various skin and breathing problems along

with severe and irreparable damage to flora and fauna. Water pollution is caused when

industrial waste products are released into lakes, rivers, and other water bodies. This is

destructive for the marine ecosystem. Noise pollution is caused by loud noises from aircraft,

cars, buses and trucks, vehicle horns, loudspeakers and industry noise.

Soil pollution is a result of acid rain, polluted water, fertilizers, etc. In short, this occurs when

chemicals are released into the soil. Light pollution includes use of excess lighting

equipment. The excessive and inappropriate artificial light causes several phenomena that

decrease visibility and cause visual discomforts like glare, urban sky glow2 and light

trespass}. Light pollution is a great hindrance to astronomy as it has become increasingly

difficult to view the night sky because of interference from artificial light.

4. The last decade has witnessed an alarming rise in environmental pollution. This problem is

even more alarming as this has caused irreparable damage to the earth.

Answer the following question:

1. What is pollution? (1m)

2. How does pollution affect the environment? (2m)

3. How does the reduction of the ozone layer affect us? (2m)

4. Mention four different kinds of pollution. (2m)

5. What are the two chief causes of environmental pollution? (2m)

6. What is the main cause of water pollution? (2m)

7. Mention any two causes of noise pollution. (2m)

8. What is the most disturbing consequence of increasing pollution? (2m)​

Answer 1

Answer:

Exposure to high levels of air pollution can cause a variety of adverse health outcomes. It increases the risk of respiratory infections, heart disease and lung cancer. Both short and long term exposure to air pollutants have been associated with health impacts. More severe impacts affect people who are already ill.

Answer 2

Answer:

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1. Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change.
2. Pollution may muddy landscapes, poison soils and waterways, or kill plants and animals. ... Long-term exposure to air pollution, for example, can lead to chronic respiratory disease, lung cancer and other diseases.
3. Ozone layer depletion causes increased UV radiation levels at the Earth's surface, which is damaging to human health. Negative effects include increases in certain types of skin cancers, eye cataracts and immune deficiency disorders. ... UV rays also affect plant growth, reducing agricultural productivity.
4. There are different types of pollution: water pollution, air pollution, solid waste pollution and noise pollution. All of these can be found in urban areas.
5. The causes of environmental pollution are many, including oil, air pollution, and soil erosion. ... Soil erosion is another factor that can cause environmental pollution. Through soil erosion, silt is transported to water bodies, making water unclean for human consumption.
6. Here are the few major causes of water pollution: Sewage And Waste Water: Sewage, garbage and liquid waste of households, agricultural lands and factories are discharged into lakes and rivers
7. Traffic noise

Air traffic noise.

8) Aerosols affect the climate system, including disturbances to the water cycle, as well as human health. They also cause smog and other kinds of air pollution that can lead to health problems for people, animals, and plants