Question

Q2. Suggest chemical test to distinguish between a) Phenol and Acetic acid b) Formaldehyde and Acetaldehyde c) Formic acid and Acetic acid d) Propanoyl Chloride and Propanoic acid

Answer 1

a)Acetic acid gives Iodoform test phenol doesn't
b)same test for this acetaldehyde gives and formaldehyde doesn't
c)same
d)propanoic acid on oxidation gives CO2
and other doesn't

Answer 2

Chemical test to distinguish between given compounds

Explanation:

a) Phenol and Acetic acid

• Name of the test: Sodium hydrogen carbonate $NaHCO_3$ test.
• Acetic acid reacts with $NaHCO_3$ and leads to the evolution of brisk effervescence, whereas phenol doesn't show any such reaction.

b) Formaldehyde and Acetaldehyde

• Name of the test: Iodoform test.
• Acetaldehyde reacts with iodoform by forming a white precipitate, whereas formaldehyde doesn't show any such reaction.

c) Formic acid and Acetic acid

• Name of the test: Tollen's reagent test.

• Formic acid reacts with Tollen's reagent by reduction, whereas acetic acid  doesn't show any such reaction.

d) Propanoyl Chloride and Propanoic acid

• Name of the test: Water test.

• When Propanoyl Chloride and Propanoic acid are dissolved in water, the former show reaction through the evolution of white fumes of HCl, whereas the latter doesn't show any such reaction.

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