Q3.Movement: Sikhism :: People : Gurunanak:: Work
Answers
Answer:
the most famous teachings attributedto gurunanak are that there is only one god,and that all human beings can have direct access to god with no need of rituals or priests .His most radical social teachings denounced the cast system and taught that evryone is equal,regardless of cast and gender.
Answer:
Sikhism - The word Sikh (pronounced "sickh") means 'disciple' or 'learner.' The Sikh religion was founded in Northern India in the fifteenth century by Guru Nanak Dev Ji and is distinct from Islam and Hinduism. Sikhism is monotheistic and stresses the equality of all men and women. Sikhs believe in three basic principles; meditating on the name of God (praying), earning a living by honest means as well as sharing the fruits of one’s labor with others. Sikhism rejects caste and class systems and emphasizes service to humanity.
Turbans are worn to cover our long hair and with respect to God. Learn to recognize a Sikh turban. Sikhs have unshorn hair, beards and moustaches. The Sikh faith teaches us the humanitarian principles of freedom, equality, and justice - the same principles this great democracy is founded on. There are about 25 million Sikhs in the world. Sikhs have been in the United States for over 100 years. Sikhism recognizes the universal truths that underlie all human endeavors, religions and belief systems. The universal nature of the Sikh way of life reaches out to people of all faiths and cultural backgrounds, encouraging us to see beyond our differences and to work together for world peace and harmony.
History:
Guru Nanak Dev Ji was born in 1469 AD at Nanakana Sahib. As a child, he was both brilliant and philosophical. He was fond of the company of spiritual people and sought answers to purpose of life and constantly questioned the meaning of rituals. He emphasized a life of simplicity and righteousness. Philosophically, Guru Nanak looked at God as one and beyond any religious divisions.
Guru Nanank was a householder with two sons and also worked in various vocations as a young man and as a farmer in his later years. Around the age of 30 years, he undertook four lengthy journeys in different directions, which altogether lasted nearly 20 years. After the journeys, Guru Nanak settled down in Kartarpur around 1521 and spent time in meditation and farming and agriculture. In 1539, the physical body of Guru Nanak merged with the elements; both his Hindu and Muslim followers wanted to claim since his teachings were universal. In this travels, Guru Nanak Dev Ji visited many countries, some as far as Baghdad (Iraq), China, Tibet and Sri Lanka. He visited places of pilgrimages like Banaras, Bodh Gaya, Hardawar, Kurukshetra, Mathura, Mecca, Medina, Multan, Pak Pattan and various places in the Himalayas. Guru Nanak revered various saints, both from Hindu and Muslim religion, and collected their compositions which were later compiled in Sri Guru Granth Sahib.
Teachings:
The teachings of Guru Nanak were logical and easy to understand. His definition of God is most interesting and captured in Mool Mantra – One, True Name, Creator, Fearless, Without Vengeance, Beyond Time, Does not Incarnate, Selfexistent, Understood only by Grace. Once God is defined, Guru Nanak then proceeds to mention that the purpose of life is to become truthful for which one has to purify actions, listen and practice meditation. To attain this truthfulness, one has to purify the mind by sculpturing consciousness. Since mind is critical to understanding the self, divine knowledge plays an important role. According to Guru Nanak, Dharma is a product of compassion, supported by contentment. These two qualities play a pivotal role in religion. Guru Nanak preached that as you sow so shall you reap and therefore encouraged everybody to cultivate virtues. According to Guru Nanak, serving the needy and hungry is an important duty of society. Hence, the first langar or free kitchen was started by Guru Nanak Dev Ji around 1489.
On social issues, Guru Nanak emphasized equality of the complete human race, irrespective of caste, color, creed, gender or race. For Guru Nanak, the creation was from one God and therefore no one could claim to be superior or inferior. On the status of women, Guru Nanak clarified that “How can she be called inferior when Kings are born of her”. To the sages in the mountains, he urged them that if all good and pious people retire to mountains to meditate, how will the world improve. So, the message of Guru Nanak, as contained in various compositions, urged people to lead a householder’s life, work hard and then share something in charity. This message is encapsulated in Naam Japo, Kirat Karo, and Vand Chakko or Meditate, Earn Honestly, and Share with Others. He emphasized on dignity of labor, and observed that Truth is Highest Virtue but Truthful Living is still higher.
The world inspired by Guru Nanak’s message will not suffer from exploitation, hunger, poverty and discrimination as it will be based on compassion, contentment and sharing, in view of the principle – “As we sow, so shall we reap.”
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