Q3. Read the following passage carefully. (8 Marks)
Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of
unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work
which is exceedingly irksome, and an excess of work is always very painful. However, work is
not, to most people, more painful than idleness. There are, in work, all grades; from more relief
of tedium up to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of
the worker. Most of the work that most people have to do is not interesting in itself, but even that
work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without
the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time
according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth
doing. And whatever they decide on, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would
have been more pleasant here. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of
civilization and at present very few people have reached this level. Moreover, the exercise of
choice is tiresome in itself. Except, to people with unusual initiative, it is positively agreeable to
be told what to do at each hour of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant. Most of
the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom.
At times, they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa or by flying around the world, but
the number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past. Accordingly, the more
intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor.
Work, therefore is desirable, first and foremost as a preventive of boredom, although
uninteresting work is as boring as having nothing to do. With this advantage of work, another
associated advantage is that it makes holidays much more delicious when they come. Provided
that a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest
than an idle man would possibly find.
The second advantage of most paid work and some of unpaid work is that it gives chances of
success and opportunities for ambition. In most work, success is measured by income and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable. However dull work too, becomes bearable, if
it is a means of building up a reputation. Continuity of purpose is one of the most essential
ingredients of happiness and that comes chiefly through work.
write a summary of passage in about 80 words
Answers
This paragraph tells us that work is not that bad and does not lead unhappiness as others might assume. Many people think that it is hard and unpleasant to work. And whether work leads to happiness or unhappiness is yet to be known. But idleness is worse than working. Most of the work that most people have to do is not interesting in itself, but even that work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Work or a job gives an efficient way to spend time. Most of us who don't work, either cannot find a proper way to use up our time or even if we find something to do, we feel like some other activity was much better. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of
civilization and at present, very few people have reached this level. Work, therefore is desirable, first and foremost as a preventive of boredom, although uninteresting work is as boring as having nothing to do. The second advantage of most paid work and some of unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition. In most work, success is measured by income and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable. Work may be considered undesirable and unpleasant to many, but in reality, it isn't as bad as it sounds.
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Explanation:
what makes work essential