Question

Q5. Discuss the main characteristics of four blocks of elements in the periodic table? Give their general electronic

configuration.​

Answer 1

Answer:

the 4 blocks are present i periodic tables

s -block

p-block

d-block

f-block

• s-block= elments of s-block are involve as alkali and alkaline metals. also known as group 1 and 2 elements. the helium element is also included in s- block ,if last electron of element is included in s subshell then it known as s-block element.

• p-block=  the p -block contains 13,14,15,16,17 and 18 element. as we mention above helium is not a part of p - block element. if thelast electron is involved in p-subshell then it are known as p-block element. there is a 6 elements in its last valence shell.

• D-block =   D -blocks elements are found in groups 3,4,5.6.7.8.9.10,11,12,of the periodic table. the d -block elements are also known as a transition metal. the d orbitals is filled with the electronic shell n-1 .there is a maximum of 10 electrons that can occupy the d- orbitals

• F -block elements = the f block elements are the lanthanides and actinides. the F orbitals .the F orbitals of the electron shell are filled with n-2.    

the general electronic configuration of p block elements is ns¹np¹⁻⁶except He.

the p block elements show inert pair effect ,stabiloty of lower oxidation state increases as wego down the group.

the general electronoic configuration of f -block elements (n-2)f¹⁻¹⁴(n-1)d⁰ns²