Question

Q5. There are animals that destroy the crop before it harvested.farmers
find it difficult to protect the crops from these animals, insects and
microorganisms.
questions.
(a) What are these animals/insects called? Name few that ruin the standing
crops.
(b) What methods do the farmers employ to protect their crops?
(C) Name some common insecticides used to protect crops.
(d) Write the difference between insecticide, pesticide, fungicide and
rodenticide.
Q6. "Farmers are adviced by experts to use more of manures than fertilizers.
However, sometimes fertilizers are added by farmers for a reason."
(a) Write about manure, compost and fertilizer. (Two points each)
(b) Write one advantage and one disadvantage of using manure and fertilizer.
(c) What precaution must the farmer take during application of fertilizers an
weedicides in the field?​

Answer 1

Answer-5.

(a)Weevil, mealybug, berry borer, aphid, rootborer, thrip etc.The insects that cause damage to standing crops are commonly known as pests and pose a major threat to our crops and farms.

(b)The best ways to protect crop damage are by incorporating integrated pest and insect management. Spraying insecticides, pesticides help to minimize the crop damage by controlling the insects and other pests.

(c)Aldrin.,Chlordane,Chlordecone,DDT,Dieldrin.

(d) Difference

• The pesticide is a broad term that means any chemical that kills the pest i.e. weed, insect, bacterial fungus, etc. whereas, insecticides only kill the insects.
• Insecticides are chemicals used to kill insects like locusts.
• Rodenticides are chemicals used to kill rodents like rats.
• Fungicides are chemicals used to destroy fungi. Insects, rodents and fungi are pests.

Answer -6

(a) Manure, Compost and Fertilizers

• Manure

(1)It is produced from mostly livestock waste through natural decomposition by microorganisms.

(2)Manure is an organic substance that is obtained from decomposition of vegetables and animal waste.

• Compost

(1)It is also a product of decomposition, but it is controlled.

(2)Compost is a mixture of ingredients used to fertilize and improve the soil.

• Fertilizer

(1)It is a synthetic product produced from industrial chemicals.

(2)Fertilizers are chemical substances supplied to the crops to increase their productivity.

(b) 1.Fertilizer

Advantage-It is soluble and easily absorbed by plants .

Disadvantages- Overfertilization can damage the plants

2.Manure

Advantages -It enhances the water holding capacity of the soil.

Disadvantages- They lack in minerals such as nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.

3.Precaution must the farmer take during application of fertilizers an weedicides in the field :

The farmers should cover their nose and mouth with a piece of cloth during spraying of weedicides. This is because spraying of weedicides may affect the health of farmers.

Project code #SPJ2