Question

Que. 1 "classification of species is in fact a reflection of their evolutionary relationship". Explain. Que. 2 "Evolution should not be equated with progress". Explain. Que. 3 Explain molecular phylogeny

Answer 1

1. Evolution is slow and gradual changes in body design of an oraganism. Evolutionary relationships are traced in classification of an organism. Classification is based on how closely 2 species are related and how many characteristics are same b/w them. For classification we look for similarity among organism which allows us to group them. If species have more common characteristics in them similar, then more closely they are related. It indicates that they are recently evolved and have a more recent ancestor. Thus classification of species is in fact a reflection of their evolutionary relationship
2. (i)  Evolution has resulted in the generation of new varieties of species. During the process of speciation, new species are formed from the already existing species. This does not mean that the old species are eliminated from the Earth. The selection is purely based on environmental pressure.(ii) The newly formed species may or may not be superior as compared to the older ones. It is just that the phenomenon of genetic drift and natural selection have favoured the production of these species. They have a different body design and are unable to interbreed with the older population.(iii) Again, is it is not that the body designs of older organisms were inefficient. This fact is relevant since even today many older and simpler forms of organisms still survive on the Earth.(iv) Therefore, the process of evolution cannot be equated to the degree of progress made by man.AND TO BE HONEST...
I DO NOT KNOW THE ANSWER OF 3.

Answer 2

Molecular Phylogeny is the branch of biology that traces the change in DNA backwards in time and finds out where each change has diverged