Question

Que.6- Answer the following questions in short-

i . What were the grievances of the sepoys?

ii. Why did the British need a large Army?

iii. What is hydrological cycle?

iv. State four functions of the Parliament.

v. What are the characteristics of the Republic?

vi. Why soil is regarded as an important natural resource?
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Answer 1

Answer:

1.The grievances of the sepoys against Company: The Indian sepoys were unhappy about their pay, allowances and conditions of service. Some of the new rules, moreover, violated their religious sensibilities and beliefs

2.The British needed a large army to secure their interests and fulfill their objective of achieving territorial control over areas where they conducted their trade. They needed to defend their factories and trading posts and expand their trade. Achieving political control was necessary to fulfill this aim.

3.The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle or the hydrological cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. 

4.Parliament has four main functions: legislation (making laws), representation (acting on behalf of voters and citizens), scrutiny (examining the government), and formation of government.

5.In the context of US constitutional law, the definition of republic refers specifically to a form of government in which elected individuals represent the citizen body and exercise power according to the rule of law under a constitution, including separation of powers with an elected head of state, referred to as a ...

6.Advances in watershed, natural resource, and environmental sciences have shown that soil is the foundation of basic ecosystem function. Soil filters our water, provides essential nutrients to our forests and crops, and helps regulate the Earth's temperature as well as many of the important greenhouse gases.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

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Grievances of the sepoys are :-

• The Sepoys were unhappy about their pay, allowances and conditions of service.

• The new rules violated their religious sensibilities and beliefs.

• In 1824 the Sepoys were asked to go to Burma by the sea route to fight for the Company. The Sepoys refused to do so as they believed that if they crossed the sea they would lose their religion and caste.

• The Sepoys were severely punished for not obeying the British. In 1856 the Company passed a new law which stated that every new person who took up employment in the Company’s army had to agree to serve overseas if required. The Sepoys were unhappy with this new law.

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The British needed a large army to:

1. Conquer more territories.
2. Protect British territories from their rivals.
3. Protect the trading interests of the company.
4. Suppress internal revolts against the British.

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Hydrological Cycle is

• It is gernally also known as Water Cycle.
• The water cycle is the path that all water follows as it moves around Earth in different states. Liquid water is found in oceans, rivers, lakes—and even underground. Solid ice is found in glaciers, snow, and at the North and South Poles. Water vapor—a gas—is found in Earth's atmosphere.

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Four functions of the Parliament :-

• Final Authority for making laws.
• Power to amend the Constitution.
• Controls and checks the Council of Ministers.
• Can remove the President from office through the process of impeachment.
• Controls all the money that governments have.

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Characteristics of the Republic :-

• A republican form of government is one which derives its powers either directly or indirectly from the people and is administered by persons who hold public office for a limited period of time or during good behavior.

• The term developed its modern meaning in reference to the constitution of the ancient Roman Republic, lasting from the overthrow of the kings in 509 BC to the establishment of the Empire in 27 BC. This constitution was characterized by a Senate composed of wealthy aristocrats and wielding significant influence; several popular assemblies of all free citizens, possessing the power to elect magistrates and pass laws; and a series of magistracies with varying types of civil and political authority.

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Soil is regarded as an important natural resource because :-

• The minerals useful for life are found in the upper crust of the earth. But most of these are found in rocks, which cannot be used by plants or animal. Instead, we need them crushed in small particles which we call soil.

• The soil is formed by the breaking up of rocks by various geological, climatic and biological processes. Soil contains minerals such as Iron, Zinc, Nitrogen compounds, etc. that are all essential to sustaining life.

• It also holds water and makes it available for plants to use. Soil also contains ores from which we can extract metals such as iron, copper, gold, and aluminum.