Question

Que:-give the chemical tests to distinguish between the following pair of compunds

➡️ benzoic & ethyl benzoic
➡️penta-2-one & Penta -3-one
➡️ benzaldehyde & acetophenone



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Answer 1

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☣️.Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate can be distinguished by sodium bicarbonate test. Sodium bicarbonate test: Acids react with NaHCO3 to produce brisk effervescence due to the evolution of CO2 gas. Benzoic acid being an acid responds to this test, but ethylbenzoate does not.

☣️.Pentanal and 2-pentanone (b) 2- Pentanone and 2-pentanol ... Tollen's regent reacts with an aldehyde group of a compound .

☣️.Benzaldehyde being an aldehyde reduces Tollen's reagent to give a red-brown precipitate of Cu2O, but acetophenone being a ketone does not. Acetophenone being a methyl ketone undergoes oxidation by sodium hypoiodite (NaOI) to give a yellow ppt. of iodoform. But benzaldehyde does not respond to this test.

Answer 2

(iii) Benzaldehyde and acetophenone Iodoform test: Acetophenone being a methyl ketone on treatment with I2/NaOH undergoes Iodoform reaction to give yellow ppt. of iodoform but benzaldehyde does not.