Ques 4. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follows:
The idea of robots originated in 1920. At that time the Crech author Karl Capek made a mea
impression with his futuristic drama of aruficial men, a play entitied RUR. This mysterious lite
for Rossum's Universal Robots". machines built in the outward appearance of men bu free fron
human weakness. These curious creatures were provided with thinking apparatus, nerves and muscles
like later genuine rohots. In the last act of the play there occurred what the play goers had expected to
the beginning the mechanical men revolted and destroyed their creators and then each other one:
iwoexperimental models e.caped destruction: a scientist had secretly given them the capacry
reproduce themselves and they now set about founding a new race of anificial men Futuristi se
this kind were very popular in the twenties: the golden" years of science fiction emereed in later year
Over and over again in all fields of science and technology as well as in the intellectual activities o
mankind, events initially attract little attention. However, these relationships which are care
underestimated, later assume great importance when seen from another angle. This was the case with
cybernetic, the branch of control of machines which in 1947 reached a very high level with the
automatic flight Automatic flight over the Atlantic, attracted no interest for several years. Only th
specialist paid some attention to it, and they raised the important question a to whether control
machines would bring in a new industrial revolution.
A distinction must be made between the enormous new calculators, which are calculating machine
working at very high speeds, and automation". which is the automatic execution of enuin
manufacturing processes, in which machines take over the functions of large number of humai
operators. Towards the end of the Second World War, not even the boldest cientists would hav
imagined the extent to which actomation would be introduced to replace human work by mechanica
operations. But ten years later a commentators in the New York Times wrote: And now we are in the
middle of a second industrial revolution which is proceeding at a sensational speed. Its elles seen
likely to be as far-reaching as those of the first. A typical trend in this development is the attempt to us.
machines for the operation and control of other machines. This process is known as automation
Cybernetics and Automation, electronic calculators and unmanned factories"- these features of the lates
chapters of technology's history are typical of the struggle for innovation
(a)give meaning of the words as used in the passage
1 curious
2 creators
3 initially
(b) answer the question
1 state two qualities of the robots as they are portrayed by the Crech author.
2 what happened to the creators of the robots in the last act of the play?
3 which truth is revealed, in"all fields of science and technology as well as in the intellectual activities of mankind "?
4 distinguish between " the new calculators"and "automation".
5 what could have been anticipated at the end of the second world war?give the meaning of automation as per the report of the New York times.
6 and not more than 50 words,statr how the process of machine doing the work of human beings develops.
Answers
Explanation:
The idea of robots originated in 1920. At that time the Crech author Karl Capek made a mea
impression with his futuristic drama of aruficial men, a play entitied RUR. This mysterious lite
for Rossum's Universal Robots". machines built in the outward appearance of men bu free fron
human weakness. These curious creatures were provided with thinking apparatus, nerves and muscles
like later genuine rohots. In the last act of the play there occurred what the play goers had expected to
the beginning the mechanical men revolted and destroyed their creators and then each other one:
iwoexperimental models e.caped destruction: a scientist had secretly given them the capacry
reproduce themselves and they now set about founding a new race of anificial men Futuristi se
this kind were very popular in the twenties: the golden" years of science fiction emereed in later year
Over and over again in all fields of science and technology as well as in the intellectual activities o
mankind, events initially attract little attention. However, these relationships which are care
underestimated, later assume great importance when seen from another angle. This was the case with
cybernetic, the branch of control of machines which in 1947 reached a very high level with the
automatic flight Automatic flight over the Atlantic, attracted no interest for several years. Only th
specialist paid some attention to it, and they raised the important question a to whether control
machines would bring in a new industrial revolution.
A distinction must be made between the enormous new calculators, which are calculating machine
working at very high speeds, and automation". which is the automatic execution of enuin
manufacturing processes, in which machines take over the functions of large number of humai
operators. Towards the end of the Second World War, not even the boldest cientists would hav
imagined the extent to which actomation would be introduced to replace human work by mechanica
operations. But ten years later a commentators in the New York Times wrote: And now we are in the
middle of a second industrial revolution which is proceeding at a sensational speed. Its elles seen
likely to be as far-reaching as those of the first. A typical trend in this development is the attempt to us.
machines for the operation and control of other machines. This process is known as automation
Cybernetics and Automation, electronic calculators and unmanned factories"- these features of the lates
chapters of technology's history are typical of the struggle for innovation
(a)give meaning of the words as used in the passage
1 curious
2 creators
3 initially
(b) answer the question
1 state two qualities of the robots as they are portrayed by the Crech author.
2 what happened to the creators of the robots in the last act of the play?
3 which truth is revealed, in"all fields of science and technology as well as in the intellectual activities of mankind "?
4 distinguish between " the new calculators"and "automation".
5 what could have been anticipated at the end of the second world war?give the meaning of automation as per the report of the New York times.
6 and not more than 50 words,statr how the process of machine doing the work of human beings develops.
Answer:
Question 4 (a) Give the meanings of the following words as used in the passage: One word answers or short phrases will be accepted. (i). curious (line 4) ……………………………………………………………. Ans. strange. (ii). creators (line 7) ……………………………………………………………. Ans. those who made them. (iii). initially (line 13) ……………………………………………………………. Ans. in the beginning. (b) Answer the following questions briefly in your own words. (i). State two qualities of the robots as they are portrayed by the Czech author. Ans. According to the Czech author, (1) the robots had outer appearance of men (2) they had the ability to think and were devoid of human weaknesses.. (ii). What happened to the creators of the robots in the last act of the play? Ans. In the last act of the play, the robots revolted against their creators and destroyed them. (iii). Which truth is revealed, in “all fields of science and technology as well as in the intellectual activities of mankind.”(lines 12-13)? Ans. The truth revealed is that all the technological innovations attract little attention but assume great importance when their results are seen. (iv). Distinguish between “the new calculators” and “automation”. Ans. The calculators perform the function of calculating at very high speed whereas automation is meant for executing the entire manufacturing processes by replacing human operators with machines. (v). What could not have been anticipated at the end of the Second World War? Give the meaning of automation as per the report of the New York Times. Ans. As per the report of the New York Times, automation meant the use of machines to operate and control other machines. (c) In not more than 50 words, State how the process of machines doing the work of human beings developed. Ans. The idea of machines doing the work of human beings gained importance in 1947 with the automatic flight over Atlantic. Ten years after the end of the Second World War, scientists realised the importance of machines for not only replacing human beings but also for operating and controlling other machines.