Question

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1) Composition of matter.


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Answer 1

Answer:

• Matter can exist in one of three main states: solid, liquid, or gas.

• Solid matter is composed of tightly packed particles. A solid will retain its shape; the particles are not free to move around.

• Liquid matter is made of more loosely packed particles. It will take the shape of its container. Particles can move about within a liquid, but they are packed densely enough that volume is maintained

• Gaseous matter is composed of particles packed so loosely that it has neither a defined shape nor a defined volume. A gas can be compressed.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Explanation:

Anything that has mass and volume is considered as matter. Based on the composition, matter can be classified into two major categories:

1) Pure substances:

A pure substance has the homogeneous composition and consistent properties throughout the sample. For e.g., sugar, table salt, water etc. These substances can not be separated into other forms by physical processes such as distillation, filtration, and evaporation. An element is a pure substance as it is made up of a particular type of atoms and can not be broken down into some other element.

A pure compound is the substance that is constituted by the specific set of molecules. The molecule is the smallest stable part of a compound. For instance, on heating water gets converted into vapor but still its components (hydrogen and oxygen) remain attach to each other in the form of water molecule.

2) Mixtures:

Mixtures have heterogeneous composition of matter. Each component in a mixture retain its individual properties. These components can be separated easily by physical or chemical means.

In a mixture two or more substances combine together physically but not chemically. Mixtures can either be homogeneous or heterogeneous. Homogeneous mixture has uniform composition, for e.g., glucose solution. On the contrary, in heterogeous mixtures two or more phases are present and each component can be seen easily. A salad of tomatoes, lettuce, carrots and other vegetables is a good example of heterogenous mixture.