Question 10: Describe briefly the followings: (a) Origin of replication (b) Bioreactors (c) Downstream processing
Class 12 - Biology - Biotechnology : Principles and Processes Page 206
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The origin of replication (also called the replication origin) is a particular sequence in a genome at which replication is initiated. This can either involve the replication of DNA in living organisms such as prokaryotes and eukaryotes, or that of DNA or RNA in viruses, such as double-stranded RNA viruses.
2.Downstream processing refers to the recovery and purification of biosynthetic products, particularly pharmaceuticals, from natural sources such as animal or plant tissue or fermentation broth, including the recycling of salvageable components and the proper treatment and disposal of waste.
2.Downstream processing refers to the recovery and purification of biosynthetic products, particularly pharmaceuticals, from natural sources such as animal or plant tissue or fermentation broth, including the recycling of salvageable components and the proper treatment and disposal of waste.
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Here are the description of the given terms :
(a) Origin of replication
It is also commonly known as Ori. It is a particular sequence present in DNA which helps in starting the replication process. DNA of Prokaryotic cell has 1 ori and DNA of eukaryotes may have more than 1 ori.
(b) Bioreactors
These are a kind of vessel where the raw substances are transformed into useful products biologically. This is done using cells of microbes and humans.
(c) Downstream processing
This is the sequence of processes where the modified substances undergoes before using them for commercial purposes.
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