Question

Question 11: Explain (in one or two lines) the function of the followings: (a) Promoter (b) tRNA (c) Exons

Class 12 - Biology - Molecular Basis of Inheritance Page 125

Answer 1

(a) Promoter
Promoter is a region of DNA that helps in initiating the process of transcription. It serves as the binding site for RNA polymerase.
(b) tRNA
tRNA or transfer RNA is a small RNA that reads the genetic code present on mRNA. It carries specific amino acid to mRNA on ribosome during translation of proteins.
(c) Exons
Exons are coding sequences of DNA in eukaryotes that transcribe for proteins.

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Answer 2

Answer:

a  Promoter is a specific sequence of DNA molecule that act as a binding site for RNA polymerase enzyme for the initiation of Transcription  b  tRNA play an important role during protein biosynthesis c Exons are the coding parts of DNA.

Explanation:

Promoter  During transcription initiation RNA polymerase bind to specific region of DNA such as TATA box, GC box, CAT  box .These TATA box, GC box and CAT box contain specific base sequence to function as promoter.

tRNA  It is also called transfer RNA that contain anticodon which interract with specific codon present in mRNA code an amino acid specific for that codon.

Exons    The coding part of DNA is termed as Exon.Which means exon helps the formation of protein.During mRNA splicing Exon get cleaved from the mRNA and then transported to cytoplasm to initiate the process of translation.