Question

Question 11: Give an account of energy flow in an ecosystem.

Class 12 - Biology - Ecosystem Page 257

Answer 1

Energy enters an ecosystem from the Sun. Solar radiations pass through the atmosphere and are absorbed by the Earth’s surface. These radiations help plants in carrying out the process of photosynthesis. Also, they help maintain the Earth’s temperature for the survival of living organisms. Some solar radiations are reflected by the Earth’s surface. Only 2-10 percent of solar energy is captured by green plants (producers) during photosynthesis to be converted into food. The rate at which the biomass is produced by plants during photosynthesis is termed as ‘gross primary productivity’. When these green plants are consumed by herbivores, only 10% of the stored energy from producers is transferred to herbivores. The remaining 90 % of this energy is used by plants for various processes such as respiration, growth, and reproduction. Similarly, only 10% of the energy of herbivores is transferred to carnivores. This is known as ten percent law of energy flow.

Answer 2

Energy Flow in Ecosystem.

Explanation:

• Vitality stream is the measure of vitality that travels through a nourishment chain.
• The biggest wellspring of vitality for a biological system is the sun. Vitality that isn't utilized in a biological system is inevitably lost as warmth. Vitality and supplements are gone around through the evolved way of life, when one life form eats another creature.  
• Our biological system is kept up by the cycling vitality and supplements acquired from various outside sources. At the principal trophic level, essential makers utilize sun based vitality to deliver natural material through photosynthesis.  
• The herbivores at the second trophic level, A huge piece of this vitality is spent for the metabolic elements of these creatures, for example, breathing, processing nourishment, supporting development of tissues, keeping up blood flow and internal heat level.  
• The carnivores at the following trophic level, feed on the herbivores and determine vitality for their sustenance and development. On the off chance that huge predators are available, they speak to in any case higher trophic level and they feed on carnivores to get vitality.  
• Decomposers which incorporate microorganisms, parasites, molds, worms, and creepy crawlies separate squanders and dead living beings, and return the supplements to the dirt, which is then taken up by the makers.