Question 11:
Which type of oxide film is formed on the surface of
alkali metals and alkaline earth metals?
Answers
Answer:
The alkaline earth metals are six chemical elements in group 2 of the periodic table. They are beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra).[1] The elements have very similar properties: they are all shiny, silvery-white, somewhat reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure.[2]
Alkaline earth metals
Hydrogen
Helium
Lithium
Beryllium
Boron
Carbon
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Fluorine
Neon
Sodium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Silicon
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Chlorine
Argon
Potassium
Calcium
Scandium
Titanium
Vanadium
Chromium
Manganese
Iron
Cobalt
Nickel
Copper
Zinc
Gallium
Germanium
Arsenic
Selenium
Bromine
Krypton
Rubidium
Strontium
Yttrium
Zirconium
Niobium
Molybdenum
Technetium
Ruthenium
Rhodium
Palladium
Silver
Cadmium
Indium
Tin
Antimony
Tellurium
Iodine
Xenon
Caesium
Barium
Lanthanum
Cerium
Praseodymium
Neodymium
Promethium
Samarium
Europium
Gadolinium
Terbium
Dysprosium
Holmium
Erbium
Thulium
Ytterbium
Lutetium
Hafnium
Tantalum
Tungsten
Rhenium
Osmium
Iridium
Platinum
Gold
Mercury (element)
Thallium
Lead
Bismuth
Polonium
Astatine
Radon
Francium
Radium
Actinium
Thorium
Protactinium
Uranium
Neptunium
Plutonium
Americium
Curium
Berkelium
Californium
Einsteinium
Fermium
Mendelevium
Nobelium
Lawrencium
Rutherfordium
Dubnium
Seaborgium
Bohrium
Hassium
Meitnerium
Darmstadtium
Roentgenium
Copernicium
Nihonium
Flerovium
Moscovium
Livermorium
Tennessine
Oganesson
alkali metals ← → group 3
IUPAC group number 2
Name by element beryllium group
Trivial name alkaline earth metals
CAS group number
(US, pattern A-B-A) IIA
old IUPAC number
(Europe, pattern A-B) IIA
↓ Period
2
Image: Lump of beryllium
Beryllium (Be)
4
3
Image: Magnesium crystals
Magnesium (Mg)
12
4
Image: Calcium stored under argon atmosphere
Calcium (Ca)
20
5
Image: Strontium floating in paraffin oil
Strontium (Sr)
38
6
Image: Barium stored under argon atmosphere
Barium (Ba)
56
7
Image: Radium electroplated on copper foil and covered with polyurethane to prevent reaction with air
Radium (Ra)
88
Legend
primordial element
element by radioactive decay
Atomic number color:
black=solid
vte
Structurally, they (together with helium) have in common an outer s-orbital which is full;[2][3][4] that is, this orbital contains its full complement of two electrons, which the alkaline earth metals readily lose to form cations with charge +2, and an oxidation state of +2.[5]
All the discovered alkaline earth metals occur in nature, although radium occurs only through the decay chain of uranium and thorium and not as a primordial element.[6] There have been experiments, all unsuccessful, to try to synthesize element 120, the next potential member of the group.