Question

Question 2.34: Describe schematically the equipotential surfaces corresponding to (a) a constant electric field in the z-direction, (b) a field that uniformly increases in magnitude but remains in a constant (say, z) direction, (c) a single positive charge at the origin, and (d) a uniform grid consisting of long equally spaced parallel charged wires in a plane.

Class 12 - Physics - Electrostatic Potential And Capacitance Electrostatic Potential And Capacitance Page-91

Answer 1

(a) A constant electric field in the z - direction then planes parallel to x - y plane or normal to the electric field in z - direction will be equipotential surface.

(b) planes parallel to x-y plane or normal to the electric field in z - direction, but the planes having different fixed potentials will become closer with increases in electric field intensity.

(c) concentrate spherical surfaces with thier centre at origin.

(d) A time dependent changing shape nearer to grid , and at far off distance from grid, it slowly become planar and parallel to the grid.

Answer 2

(a) Parallel to the x-y axis.

(b) Planes perpendicular to the x-y axis

(c) Spheres centered at source

(d) Planes perpendicular to the grid

Explanation:

(a) The equipotential structures are equidistant spheres, parallel to the x-y axis.

(b) Planes perpendicular to the x-y axis are the equipotential structures so that the field rises as the planes come closer to each other.

(c) Equipotential surfaces are condensed spheres centered at source.

(d) The equipotential surface is a periodically changing shape along the given grid. That form slowly meets, at a greater distance, the form of planes perpendicular to the grid.

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