Question

Question 3:
Discuss briefly some of the new rights claims which are being put forward in our country today—for example the rights of tribal people to protect their habitat and way of life, or the rights of children against bonded labour.

Answer 1

ANSWER :  

Part III of the Indian constitution deals with the Fundamental Rights of the citizens. Article 12 to 35 deals with the fundamental rights. All citizen are equal entitle to the Fundamental Rights. There can be no discrimination. Article 15 provides that the state shall not discriminate against any Citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste gender, a place of birth or any of them. However nothing in this Article shall prevent the state from making any special provisions for women and children. The state can make special provisions for the Welfare and advancement of any socially or educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. According to Article 16 ,appointments shall be made on the basis of merit and not on extraneous considerations. But the state has however the authority to my reservation of posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which is not adequately represented in the public services.

Article 17 abolishes untouchability and its practice in any form is forbidden. Article 23 provides the traffic in human beings and begaar and similar other forms of forced labour are prohibited. Article 24 prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 in any factory ,mine or other hazardous employment. children of the future of the country and hence they must be protected against any form of Exploitation. The state shall direct its policy towards securing that the tender age of children is not abused and childhood and youth are protected against exploitation and material and moral abandonment.

Article 29, provides that any section on the citizens residing in the territory of India or any part thereof  having a distinct language, script of culture of its own shall have the right to conserve the same.The tribal peoples have a right to protect their habitat and way of life.

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