Question 4.15 Although both CO2 and H2O are triatomic molecules, the shape of H2O molecule is bent while that of CO2 is linear. Explain this on the basis of dipole moment.
Class XI Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Page 130
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CO2 is linear, so even though the C−OC−O bonds have individual dipole moments, the overall dipole moment is zero as these cancel out (they point in opposite directions, as shown in the diagram below).
On the other hand, H2O is "bent", which means that the individual dipole moments of the bond are at an angle to each other. They add up to give a net dipole moment (shown with grey in the diagram).
The colors indicate electron density, red is more dense/blue is less dense. Dipole moment is from low density to high density.
On the other hand, H2O is "bent", which means that the individual dipole moments of the bond are at an angle to each other. They add up to give a net dipole moment (shown with grey in the diagram).
The colors indicate electron density, red is more dense/blue is less dense. Dipole moment is from low density to high density.
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Explanation:
The net dipole moment of Co2 is zero.This is because the equal bond dipoles point in opposite direction and cancel he effect of each other.Hence, CO2 is linearOn the other hand, H2o molecule is found to have a net dipole moment which suggests that the two O-H dipoles are not in a straight line opposing each other , that is H2OK does not have linear structure but they must be inclined to each other at certain angle .Thus H2O molecule has bent structure in which the two O-H bonds are printed at and angle of 104.5 degree
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