Question 4 Give reasons as to why. (i) Seasonal reversal of wind direction takes place over the Indian subcontinent?
(ii) The bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months.
(iii) The Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.
(iv) The delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones.
(v) Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought-prone.
Class 9 - Social science - Climate Page 39
Answers
i)
Seasonal Reversal of wind direction take place over the Indian subcontinent because in winter there is a high pressure area in north of the Himalayas & there is a low pressure area over the ocean to the south. So cold and dry winds blow from the Himalayan region towards the ocean.
In summer due to high temperatures a low pressure area develops over the interior Asia as well as over the northwestern India . This causes a complete reversal of the direction of wind during summer and rise of Southwest monsoon.
ii)
The bulk rainfall in India is received during the 4 months of the rainy season i.e June, July, August and September. This is the period of Southwest monsoons blowing from sea to land.
Only Eastern coast of India receive some rainfall from the Northeast trade winds during the cold weather season.
iii)
The Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall because Tamil Nadu gets most rain from North East monsoon in October and November. these Winds after picking up moisture from the Bay of Bengal give more rain on the east coast.
Hence, Tamil Nadu gets most rain in winter when the Fury of monsoon is over in most part of the country.
iv)
The Delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones because the low pressure condition of the north shift to the Bay of Bengal by November. This shift causes cyclonic depression in the Andaman sea. This tropical cyclones are often very destructive they cause heavy and widespread rains in the deltas of the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri.
V) Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought prone because
a) Rajasthan is under the influence of the Southwest summer monsoon. The Aravalli range lies parallel to the direction of the south West Monsoon coming from the Arabian Sea. Thes low mountain is unable to check this Winds so Western Rajasthan is practically dry but the southern part get some rainfall.
b) Gujarat receive less rainfall because there are no Hills and mountain ranges so it is a drought prone area.
c) The leeward side of the Western Ghats receive less rainfall because it is in rain Shadow area.
d) Rajasthan lies at a greater distance from the Bay of Bengal. The bay of Bengal monsoon become dry and lose their moisture when they reach Rajasthan.
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