Question

Question 9 Distinguish between

(a) Simple epithelium and compound epithelium.

(b) Cardiac muscle and striated muscle

(c) Dense regular and dense irregular connective tissues

(d) Adipose and blood tissue

(e) Simple gland and compound gland

Class XI Biology Chapter - Structural Organisation in Animals Page 122

Answer 1

(a) Simple epithelium

• It is composed of only one layer of cells.

• It is mainly involved in the function of absorption and secretion.

• It is present in the lining of the stomach, intestine.

Compound epithelium

• It is composed of only one layer of cells.

• It is mainly involved in the function of absorption and secretion.

• It is present in the lining of the stomach, intestine.

• It is composed of many layers of cells.

• It is mainly involved in the function of protection and has a limited role in absorption and secretion.

• It is present in the lining of the pharynx and buccal cavity

(b) Cardiac muscles

• They are involuntary in function.

• They are multi-nucleate and branched.

• They are found only in the heart

Answer 2

Simple epithelium


• It is composed of only one layer of cells.

• It is mainly involved in the function of absorption and secretion.

• It is present in the lining of the stomach, intestine

Compound epithelium

• It is composed of many layers of cells.

• It is mainly involved in the function of protection and has a limited role in absorption and secretion.

• It is present in the lining of the pharynx and buccal cavity.


(b)

Cardiac muscles



• They are involuntary in function.

• They are multi-nucleate and branched.

• They are found only in the heart.• They are voluntary in function.


striated muscles

They are voluntary in function.

• They are multi-nucleate and unbranched.

• They are multi-nucleate and unbranched.

• They are found only in triceps, biceps, and limbs.


(c)

Dense regular connective tissues



• In dense regular connective tissues, collagen fibres are present in rows between parallel boundless fibres.

• They are present in tendons and ligaments.

Dense irregular connective tissues


• In dense irregular connective tissues, fibres are arranged irregularly.

• They are present in the skin.


(d)

Adipose tissue



• It is composed of collagen fibres, elastin fibres, fibroblasts, macrophages, and adipociytes.

• It helps in the synthesis, storage, and metabolism of fats.

• It is present beneath the skin.

Blood tissue

• It is composed of RBCs, WBCs, platelets, and plasma.

• It helps in the transportation of food, wastes, gases, and hormones.

• It is present in the blood vessels.


(e)

Simple glands



• They contain isolated glandular cells.

• They are unicellular.

• Examples include goblet cells of the alimentary canal.


Compound glands

• They contain a cluster of secretory cells.

• They are multicellular.

• Examples include salivary glands.