Question 9: The species diversity of plants (22 per cent) is much less than that of animals (72 per cent). What could be the explanations to how animals achieved greater diversification?
Class 12 - Biology - Biodiversity and Conservation Page 269
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More than 70 percent of species recorded on the Earth are animals and only 22 percent species are plants. There is quiet a large difference in their percentage. This is because animals have adapted themselves to ensure their survival in changing environments in comparison to plants. For example, insects and other animals have developed a complex nervous system to control and coordinate their body structure. Also, repeated body segments with paired appendages and external cuticles have made insects versatile and have given them the ability to survive in various habitats as compared to other life forms
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There is a huge difference in the percentage of species diversity of plants (22%) and the species diversity of animals (72%). It is due to the following reasons:
- Adaptation of animals to changing environments for survival. For instance – animals and insects have grown to develop a complex nervous system for coordinated and controlled body movements. Also, insects have grown to be versatile and developed a potential to survive in different habitats in comparison to other life forms as they possess repeated body segments with external cuticles and paired appendages
- Plants are immobile while animals can move around. Hence, animals have achieved more diversity as they have moved and adapted to different habitats.
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