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State the important property of magnets. (5 marks)
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Properties of Magnets are as follows :
- A magnet is an object which attract materials like Iron, cobalt, Nickel, steel.
- A magnet has two poles near its ends : North pole and South pole.
- The End of a freely suspended magnet which will point towards the North direction is called North pole of magnet. and other end pointing towards south is called South pole of magnet.
- Like poles of a magnet repel each other.
- Unlike poles of a magnet attract each other.
Some uses of Magnets :
- Magnets are used in Television, Radios, speakers, Refrigerator doors, Cassettes, tapes, hard disks etc.
- Magnets are also used in making Electric generators and electric motors.
- Magnets are also used in Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) technique that is used to scan inner human body parts.
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A magnet is a material that has both attractive & directive property. It attracts small metallic particles. The property of metal to be attracted or attraction is called magnetism.
It is of two types :-
- Natural :- It is a load stone, magnetite or black iron oxide (Fe3O2) which have property of attracting iron.
- Man-Made :- The pieces of iron can be attracted by a magnet based on property of natural magnet , having regular shape & size as compared to natural magnet.
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✭ State the important property of magnets.
➝ The important property of magnets are :-
⚜ Attractive Property :-
- A magnet attracts small pleces of metal . When a magnet is brought near a heap of iron filings, the ends of the magnet show the greatest attraction.
- At the ends, magnetic attraction is the maximum, are called poles of the magnet. Thus every magnet has two poles.
⚜ Directive property :-
- When a magnet is suspended or pivoted freely, it aligns itself in the geographical north-south direction.
- The pole of the magnet which points towards north is the north-seeking or north pole. The pole which points towards the south is called the south-seking or south pole of the magnet.
⚜ Like poles repel and unlike poles attract :-
- If the north pole of a magnet is brought near the noth pole of a magnet they repel each other. Two south poles also repel each other. So, north and south poles always attract each other.
- The law of magnetic poles which states that like magnetic poles repel, and unlike magnetic poles attract each other.
⚜ Magnetic induction :-
- A magnet induces magnetism in a magnetic substance placed near it . So, it is called magnetic induction.
- When N-pole of a powerful magnet is placed close to a soft iron bar the closer end of the bar becomes S-pole and the farther end N-pole. As a result, the magnet attracts the iron bar. Thus induction precedes attraction.
⚜ Magnetic poles always exist in pairs :-
- During isolation of the two poles of a magnet from each other by breaking the magnet in the middle, each broken part is found to be a magnet with N- and S-poles at its ends.
- During breaking these parts further, each part again is found to be a magnet. So unlike electric charges, magnetic monopoles do not exist. Every magnet exists as a dipole.
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