Question

Question number 9. Plzzzzzz

Answer 1

Answer:

Benzoic acid

Explanation:

When ethyl benzoate is shaken with water two liquid layers form. The upper layer is ethyl benzoate (less

dense) and the lower layer is water. There is no clear indication of any reaction taking place. A more careful

study shows that ethyl benzoate reacts very slowly with water and is hydrolyzed1

to give benzoic acid and

ethanol but the reaction does not go to completion. However, ethyl benzoate is found to react much faster

with aqueous sodium hydroxide, the reaction going to completion, to give sodium benzoate (water soluble)

and ethanol (miscible with water)

This process is called base hydrolysis (or saponification) of an ester and is used in this experiment to

first obtain sodium benzoate solution, and then benzoic acid from ethyl benzoate. The ethanol may be

recovered by simple downward distillation from the reaction mixture and collected as a solution in water.

But this step is omitted in this experiment to allow it to be completed in the available time. The sodium

benzoate is non-volatile and remains in solution. Treatment of this solution with hydrochloric acid (Reaction

2) releases the free benzoic acid as a white crystalline solid that is washed with ice cold water and then

recrystallized from hot water.

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