R OH + HX gives RX + H2O. Give 2 examples of this equations. ( reaction of alcohol with hydrogen halide)
Answers
Answer:
Reaction of Alcohols with Hydrogen Halides
Substitution of alcohols using HX
Reaction type: Nucleophilic Substitution (SN1 or SN2)
Summary
When treated with HBr or HCl alcohols typically undergo a nucleophilic substitution reaction to generate an alkyl halide and water.
Alcohol relative reactivity order : 3o > 2o > 1o > methyl.
Hydrogen halide reactivity order : HI > HBr > HCl > HF (paralleling acidity order).
Reaction usually proceeds via an SN1 mechanism which proceeds via a carbocation intermediate, that can also undergo rearrangement.
Methanol and primary alcohols will proceed via an SN2 mechanism since these have highly unfavourable carbocations.
The reaction of alcohols with HCl in the presence of ZnCl2 (catalyst) forms the basis of the Lucas test for alcohols.
Explanation:
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