राष्ट्रकुट वंश का संक्षिप्त परिचय दीजिए
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Answer:
The word Rashtra, in Sanskrit indicates region and ‘Kuta' means chieftain. Rashtrikas were officers since very ancient times.Danti Durga founded the Rastrkuta dynasty in 742 AD. Some very capable rulers after Danti Durga were Krishna I, Govinda II, Druva, Govinda II, Amoghavarsha, Krishna III and others.
The Rastrakuta won many battles against the Chalukyas , Pallavas, Palas, and Pratiharas. Military succeessors helped to expand their empire.The Rastrakutas ruled over a vast kingdom, which was extended from Narmada to the Cauvery river.
Amoghavarsha
At the age of fourteen Amoghavarsha, succeeded his father Govind III. He was the longest ruling king of this dynasty, who ruled for 68 years. He was also called Nrupatunga , he was a skilled military stategist and suppressed a revolt of the feudal lords and established peace.
New Capital – Manyakhet
He enterd into matrimonial alliances with all the powerful ruling dynasties of his time to avoid wars. Without any disturbances he ruled over his kingdom.
During his reign the kingdom was peaceful, prosperous and achieved overall progress. Amoghavarsha built a new capital at Manyakheta and made it as the permenant capital. He was a great scholar and patron of art and literature
Krishna III
He was the last important king of the Rastrakutas. He won some major battles in Tamilnadu. After his death empire started to decline. In 973 AD the capital Manyakheta was conquered by the Kalyani Chalukya family.
Administration
The kingdom was large and there were constant wars. So, they realised the need of an efficient administration. They had a council that advised the king to run the government smoothly. For administrative convineance states were subdivided into smaller units called the Rastras, Vishayas , Nadus and Gramas.
Art, Architecture
Sanskrit and Kannada literature made great progress. some popular works belong to this period were Kavirahasya, Maha purana, Ganita Sara Sangraha, Adi purana , and Vikramarjuna Vijaya.
The first existing work written in Kannada was Kaviraja Marga. The Rastrakuta rulers built many rock cut buildings and temples like Ellora, Kailasha temple and the Elephanta caves.
Trade
Thought the Rastrakutas were engaged in constant wars their empire was prosperous. Agriculture was the main occupation. Overseas trade was encouraged by the Arabs countries, which was a substantial in come to the state.
Religion
Hinduism was the main religion of the people during this period. Jainism was very popular and also enjoyed royal patronage. When the Parisis came to india from Persia it was the branch of the Rastrakutas, the shilaharas welcomed them into Gujarat, which prooves their religious tolarance.
An Arab traveler Suleiman, who came to India in 851, visited different kingdoms and wrote an account of them. He came to the Rastrakuta empire during the rule of Amoghavarsha I. Suleiman called this kingdom as one of the four great empires of the world .
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