Question

Randomly assigning treatment to experimental units allows:

A. Both types of inference.
B. Population inference.
C. Neither types of inference.
D. Causal inference.

Answer 1

D. Casual inference

Answer 2

Answer:

Option D-  Causal inference.

Explanation:

• Causal inference manifests the importance of random allocation.
• When random allocation is not used, units may be purposefully allocated to conditions.
• The simple comparison of average scores between groups may not give an unbiased estimation to the treament effect.  
• It is a process of drawing a conclusion that a certain treatment was the "cause" of the effect that was observed.
• Causal inference effects in education might include, aiming to select programs that improve educational outcomes.

Hence, causal inference is assigning treatments randomly to experimental units.