reaction of phenol with concentrated HNO3
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With dilute nitric acid: Phenol reacts with dilute nitric acid at room temperature to give a mixture of 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol. With concentrated nitric acid: With concentrated nitric acid, more nitro groups substitute around the ring to give 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (common name: picric acid).
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Explanation:
With dilute nitric acid: Phenol reacts with dilute nitric acid at room temperature to give a mixture of 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol. With concentrated nitric acid: With concentrated nitric acid, more nitro groups substitute around the ring to give 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (common name: picric acid).
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