reaction to show acidic nature of alcohol
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Answer:
(i) The reaction of phenol with sodium to form sodium phenoxide with liberation of hydrogen gas.
(ii) The reaction of phenol with sodium hydroxide to give sodium phenoxide and water. Phenol is more acidic than ethanol. Deprotonation of phenol gives phenoxide ion which is resonance stabilized.
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Answer:
Alcohols can exhibit acidic behavior due to the presence of a hydroxyl (-OH) group attached to a carbon atom.
This hydroxyl group can donate a proton (H+) in acidic conditions.
Explaination:
Example, When an alcohol such as ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH) is treated with a strong acid like hydrochloric acid (HCl).
CH₃CH₂OH + HCl → CH₃CH₂OH₂+ Cl-
In this reaction, the hydroxyl group of ethanol donates a proton to the chloride ion, forming the alkyl oxonium ion. This shows that alcohols can behave as weak acids in the presence of a strong acid.
Another example of the acidic nature of alcohols is their reaction with sodium metal (Na).
2CH₃CH₂OH + 2Na → 2CH₃CH₂O-Na+ + H₂
In this reaction, the hydroxyl group of ethanol donates a proton to the sodium metal, forming hydrogen gas and sodium ethoxide. This shows that alcohols can behave as weak acids in the presence of strong bases like sodium metal.
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