Question

Read J
ited Nations Development Programme's latest report on strategies to create value for all highlights viable
business models that advance overall human progress by including the poor. While the findings reflect the imperative of
wahalised competition for enterprises, they are of particular relevance to the emerging economies of Asia where, despite
the impressive growth of recent years, issues of equity and employment generation have been given the shon shrift
That the world's poor people who live on less than two dollars a day and constitute nearly one-third of the population-
sur growth and spark social change is the burden of the report commissioned under the UNDP's 2006 Growing
Inclusive Markets initiative. It argues that the four billion people living at the bottom of the income pyramid-earning
Is than eight dollars a day and having a combined income of $5 trillion—bring value as consumers, employees, and
even as producers when native entrepreneurship is tapped and nurtured.
The 50 case studies documented in the report, including the Sulabh paid-sanitation systems and Narayana Hrudayalaya's
e-medicine networks, identify five common constraints that hinder business activity in the developing world and five
cessful strategies that integrate them into the value chain. Among the letter are pioneering adaptations of technology
od business processes that underpin many low-cost telecommunication, financial, healthcare and other services and
roducts for the poor. Their impact on small and medium enterprises has been nothing less than revolutionary: wireless
Jetworks reduce dependence on physical infrastructure; smart cards do away with the need for banks and service
providers to follow up on payments, and biometrics help overcome inefficient regulation
Often, these innovative adaptations of technologies and business models offer solutions to those the one billion who
ave no access to clean drinking water and the 1.6 billion who are without electricity. These bottom-up approaches lend
pe in the face of traditional impediments red tape and bureaucratic apathy. India's massive strides in information
nd communication technologies are not matched by a realisation of its full potential in several domestic sectors.
awing important lessons from the current report will go a 43 long way in securing equity and fair distribution of
gains of development and sustaining the current economic momentum.
On the basis of your understanding of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and subheadings
Use recognisable abbreviations wherever necessary - minimum four) and a format you consider suitable.
Also supply an appropriate title to it.
(5 Marks)
Write a summary of the passage in about 80-100 words.
(5 Marks)​

Answer 1

Answer:

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