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Mahatma Gandhi on Satyagraha 'It is said of -passive resistance" that it is the weapon of the weak, but the power which is the subject of this article can be used only by the strong. This power is not passive resistance: indeed. it calls for intense activity. The movement in South Africa was not passive but active………'Satyagraha is not physical force. A satyagrahi does not inflict pain on the adversary; he does not seek his destruction ... In the use of satyagraha, there is no whatever. 'Satyagraha is pure soul-force. Truth is the very substance of the soul. That is why this force is called satyagraha. The soul is informed with knowledge. In it burns the flame of love.... Nonviolence is the supreme dharma…. 'It is certain that India cannot rival Britain or Europe in force of arms. The British worship the war-god and they can all of them become, as they are becoming, bearers of amts. The hundreds of millions in India can never carry arms. They have made the religion of non-violence their own. (a) Where had Gandhiji successfully fought using this novel method of agitation?
(b) "Satyagraha" -explain. (c) Why could India not fight Britain with a force of arms?
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Gandhi had fought against the racial atrocities in South Africa with this method of agitation. After joining the Indian Politics he continued with this method of agitation too against the British Raj in India. He established the Non Cooperation movement in the year 1920, the civil disobedience movement in 1930 and played an important part in The Quit India movement of 1942.
India could not fight Britain with a force of arms because of two main reasons.
- India did not posses the latest machinery and artillery which they could use against the British. All the guns and modern weapons remained with the British.
- Gandhi did not want people to fight with violence. He urged the people to follow the policy of Ahimsa. The methods of Swadeshi and Boycott were an Integral part of all his movements.
(Swadeshi and Boycott were originally introduced by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal and Lala Lajpat Rai)
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