Question

read the first para under the title of zabt and zamindars on the page 130 and comment on it?

Answer 1

the main source of the main source of income available to Mughal rulers was tax on produced by peasantry

Answer 2

The main source of income of the Mughal Empire was tax on farm produce, and peasants paid taxes to headmen or local chieftains.

The Mughals called all middle-men zamindars (landlords), and assigned to them the task of collecting taxes.

Akbar's revenue minister Todar Mal carried out a survey of crop yields, prices, and areas cultivated for a 10-year period, and then fixed taxes on each crop.

Each province was divided into revenue circles with its own rates of revenue for each crop and this revenue system was known as zabt. And it was prevalent in areas where Mughals could survey the land and keep regular accounts.

The Mughal administrators exploited the peasants, and this started revolts which picked up speed later, in the end of the 17th century.

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