Read the following excerpt carefully and answer the questions that follow :
The One Lord
Here is a composition attributed to Kabir :
Tell me, brother, how can there be
No one lord of the world but two ?
Who led you so astray ?
God is called by many names :
Names like Allah, Ram, Karim, Keshav, Hari and Hazrat.
Gold may be shaped into rings and bangles.
Isn’t it gold all the same ?
Distinctions are only words we invent....
Kabir says that are both mistaken.
Neither can find the only Ram. One kills the goat, the other cows.
They waste their lives in disputation.
(15.1) How has Kabir laid emphasis on the attainment of oneness with the divine? Explain.
(15.2) How do you think people waste their lives in disputation?
(15.3) How has the lyrical beauty of his poem made him a figure of inter-religious harmony? Explain.
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
Vedic Sanskrit is significant because it was only taught to men from priestly families through oral tradition. Therefore, it was an indication of social status and was considered restricted knowledge which was not accessible to the common population.
(14.2) The Vedic traditions come from the Rigveda, which was compiled between c. 1500-1000 BCE.
a. One practice was the chanting of hymns from the Rigveda. These hymns were in praise of various deities, particularly Indra, Agni, and Soma. These were chanted when sacrifices were performed in which people prayed for good health, long life, cattle, sons, etc. These were performed collectively.
b. The sacrificial tradition was important. It was later also performed individually by heads of households for the well-being of the domestic unit (family), and also by kings and chiefs in an elaborate fashion, where the ritual was conducted by a priest.
(14.3) Sacrifices were performed for a variety of reasons.
a. Initially, collective sacrifices were performed by people for cattle, sons, good health, long life, etc.
b. From c. 1000-500 BCE, they were performed by the heads of households for the well-being of the domestic unit i.e. the family
c. Elaborate sacrifices such as Rajasuya and Ashvamedha were performed by rulers and chiefs under the guidance of a priest.