Read the following passage and answer question follow
Water is the most limiting abiotic (non-living) factor to plant growth and productivity, and a principal determinant of vegetation distributions worldwide. Since antiquity, humans have recognized plants' thirst for water as evidenced by the existence of irrigation systems at the beginning of recorded history. Water's importance to plants stems from its central role in growth and photosynthesis, and the distribution of organic and inorganic molecules. Despite this dependence, plants retain less than 5% of the water absorbed by roots for cell expansion and plant growth. The remainder passes through plants directly into the atmosphere, a process referred to as transpiration. The amount of water lost via transpiration can be incredibly high; a single irrigated corn plant can use 200 L of water during a typical summer, while some large rainforest trees can use nearly 1200 L of water in a single day!
If water is so important to plant growth and survival, then why would plants waste so much of it? The answer to this question lies in another process vital to plants — photosynthesis. To make sugars, plants must absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere through small pores in their leaves called stomata. However, when stomata open, water is lost to the atmosphere at a prolific rate relative to the small amount of CO2 absorbed; across plant species an average of 400 water molecules are lost for each CO2 molecule gained. The balance between transpiration and photosynthesis forms an essential compromise in the existence of plants; stomata must remain open to build sugars but risk dehydration in the process.
1. Name the small pores in the leaves of plants which helps in absorption of CO2 *
2 points
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2. How much average amount of water is lost for each CO2 molecule gained by plants? *
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3. How much more water is utilized by large rainforest trees than a single irrigated corn plant in a week? *
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4. What is the term used to describe process of loss of water through stomata in vapour form? *
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