Question

Read the following passage and make notes in an appropriate format: (15) The earliest authenticated human remains in South Asia date to about 30,000 years ago. Nearly contemporaneous Mesolithic rock art sites have been found in many parts of the Indian subcontinent, including at the Bhimbetka rock shelters in Madhya Pradesh. Around 7000 BCE, the first known Neolithic settlements appeared on the subcontinent in Mehrgarh and other sites in western Pakistan. These gradually developed into the Indus Valley Civilisation, the first urban culture in South Asia which flourished during 2600–1900 BCE in Pakistan and western India. Centred on cities such as Mohenjo-daro, Harappa, Dholavira, and Kalibangan, and relying on varied forms of subsistence, the civilisation engaged robustly in crafts production and wide- ranging trade. During the period 2000–500 BCE, in terms of culture, many regions of the subcontinent transitioned from the Chalcolithic to the Iron Age. The Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, were composed during this period, and historians have analysed these to posit a Vedic culture in the Punjab region and the upper

Answer 1

The earliest authenticated human remains in South
Asia date to about 30,000 years ago. t the Bhimbetka rock shelters in Madhya
Pradesh. Around 7000 BCE, the first known Neolithic
settlements appeared on the subcontinent in Mehrgarh
and other sites in western Pakistan. These gradually
developed into the Indus Valley Civilisation, the first
urban culture in South Asia which flourished during
2600–1900 BCE in Pakistan and western India.
Centred on cities such as Mohenjo-daro, Harappa,
Dholavira, and Kalibangan, and relying on varied forms
of subsistence, the civilisation engaged robustly in
crafts production and wideranging trade. kingdoms. Under the Guptas, a renewed Hinduism
based on devotion rather than the management of
ritual began to assert itself. The renewal was reflected
in a flowering of sculpture and architecture, which
found patrons among an urban elite. Classical Sanskrit
literature flowered as well, and Indian science,
astronomy, medicine, and mathematics made
significant advances

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