Read the following passage carefully.
(1) Colonialism is a distinct form of imperialism in which a colonising nation exerts direct Controls over a colonised state by military, economic and political means. In India, itMostly refers to the British rule in India from 1858 to 1947.On 1stJanuary 1877, QueenVictoria was proclaimed the Empress of India at a durbar or assembly of notables andPrinces, in Delhi. The Victory Lord Lytton represented sovereign, who incidentally nevervisited her Indian Empire.
(2) During the colonial period from 1500s to 1700s, the Portuguese, Dutch, French,and English vied with each other for commercial privileges and political influence inIndia, especially in the south of India. The East India Company of Britain (now called the United Kingdom) established several important trading centres along the Malabarand Coromandel coasts. They included Nizampatam, Muslipatnam, Madapollam andVizagapatnam.
(3)In the 1700s, British and French merchants each formed alliances with local powers. Atthe end of the 1700s, the British reached an agreement with the Nizam of Hyderabad.He accepted British support in exchange for recognition of British rights to trade.By the beginning of the 1800s, Andhra came under the control of the East India Companyof the United Kingdom. The districts of Anantpur, Cuduppa, Nellor, Chittor and Kurnoolwere annexed by the company, and the territory of the Nizamof Hyderabad was brought under its indirect rule. Hyderabad became one of the 550 princely states which stayedlargely independently until 1947.
(4) Colonial led to the impoverishment of the Indian people. Anticolonial feelings were initially expressed through peasant and tribal revolts. Eventually, a national movementwas organized by the educated classes.
(5) Sri Kandukuri Virasalingam Pantulu began a social-religious movement which madepossiblethe emergence of a democratic movement. Thewritings of gujaraja Apparaoand Unnava Lakshminarayana began a literacy renaissance.
(6) The anticolonial movement initiated and organized by the Indian National Congressdrew popular support in Andhra. Some of the important leaders in the movement included T. Prakasham, N. Sanjeeva Reddy, and Pratabhi Sitaramayya. The communist movement, which grewas part of the national movement also had a large followingacross the region.
{Q}On the basis of the reading of the above extract, answer the following questions in 30-40 words.
(a)When was Queen Victoria proclaimed the Empress of India?
(b)What transpired between the British and the Nizam of Hyderabad?
(c)What was the outcome of the colonial rule?
(d)Explain the literacy renaissance in Andhra Pradesh.
{Q}On the basis of your reading of the given extract, answer the following:
(a) The synonym of ‘revival’ as given in paragraph 5 is________________.
(b) The word which means the same as ‘compete’ in paragraph 2 is :
(i) privilege (ii)vied (iii)influence (iv)coast
(c) The antonym of ‘despotic’ as given in paragraph 5 is ______________.
(d)The antonym of ‘immediately’ as given in paragraph 4 is:
(i)improverishment (ii)initially (iii)peasant (iv)eventually
Answers
Answer:
Mahendra was curious to know that how did the young Iswaran manage to overpower the huge elephant.
“It has something to do with a Japanese art, I think, sir. Karate or jujitsu it is called. I had read about it somewhere. It temporarily paralyses the nervous system, you see.”
Iswaran said that he performed a Japanese martial art. He said it was either Karate or jujitsu. He had read about it somewhere that the martial art rendered a person unconscious by disrupting the nervous system.
him his lunch and his bag. As Mahendra was about to leave, Iswaran smiled and said that the other day, Mahendra had scolded him for discussing the ugly ghost but last night, Mahendra himself saw it. Iswaran had heard Mahendra’s cries the previous night..
A chill went down Mahendra’s spine. He did not wait for Iswaran to complete his sentence. He hurried away to his office and handed in his papers, resolving to leave the haunted place the very next day!
Spine: back bone
Resolving: deciding
Handed his papers: resigned
Iswaran’s comment scared Mahendra once again. He did not hear him further and hurried off to his office. He decided to resign from the job and leave the haunted place. He could not live there any longer.