Question

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions

that follow. 1 X 8 = 8

1. Necessity is indeed the mother of invention. When areas in and

around Leh began to experience water shortages, life didn't grind to a

halt. Why? Because Chewang Norphel, a retired civil engineer in the

Jammu and Kashmir government came up with the idea of artificial

glaciers.

2. Ladakh, a cold desert at an altitude of 3,000-3,500 metres above sea

level, has a low average annual rainfall rate of 50mm. Glaciers have

always been the only source of water. Agriculture is completely

dependent on glacier melt unlike the rest of river/monsoon-fed India.

But over the years with increasing effects of climate change, rainfall

and snowfall patterns have been changing, resulting in severe

shortage and drought situations. Given the severe winter conditions,

the window for farming is usually limited to one harvest season.

3. It is located between the natural glacier above and the village below.

The one closer to the village and lowest in altitude melts first,

providing water during April/May, the crucial sowing season. Further

layers of ice above melt with increasing temperature thus ensuring

continuous supply to the fields. Thus, farmers have been able to

manage two crops instead of one. It costs about Rs.1,50,000 and

above to create one.

4. Fondly called the "glacier man", Mr. Norphel has designed over 15

artificial glaciers in and around Leh since 1987. In recognition of hispioneering effort, he was conferred the Padma Shri by President

Pranab Mukherjee, in 2015.​

Answer 1

Answer:

i. a retired civil engineer 1X8=8

ii. cold desert

iii. Ladakh is a cold desert at 3000-3500 meters ,annual rainfall rate of

50mm

iv. climate change

v. Glaciers provide water in the months of April/May which is crucial

for irrigation

vi. Glaciers and their layers close to the village melt and provide water

vii. 2015

viii. 3-4 months

ix. Accumulation

Answer 2

Explanation:

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