Question

Read the following passage carefully: OLDER WE GET, OUR BRAINS GET SMALLER Shrinkage is Unique to Humans (12 marks) 1. A new study has found that human brains get smaller with age-but, it's the price people pay for a longer life than their closest relative, the chimpanzee. Researchers at George Washington University found that only humans have brains which progressively shrink with increasing age, and it's uniquely human as the phenomenon doesn't occur in chimpanzees. 2. "Loss of neurons over time may be the result of an evolutionary trade off-a handicap that has to be accepted in exchange for a long lifespan and big brain," say the researchers led by Chet Sherwood. For their study, the researchers carried out magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans of 99 young and old chimpanzees aged 10 to 51. The results were compared with MRI scans of 87 humans over an equivalent age range of 22 to 88, the 'Daily Mail' reported. 3. The scans showed a decrease in the volume of all major brain structures over the course of human life. In contrast, aging chimpanzees showed no significant age-related changes to their brains. Dr Sherwood said: "Humans may be uniquely vulnerable to age-related neurodegeneration, pointing to compromises that have been struck in the evolution of an enlarged brain and an extended lifespan. 4. Humans are uniquely prone to brain diseases such as Alzheimer's in later life as well as a general decline in memory and "thinking" skills. In addition to having bigger brains than any other animal, humans are unusually long lived. Physically, humans age more slowly than chimpanzees. By 30's, wild chimps have worn teeth, are underweight, frail, weak, and lacking in energy. Yet female chimps remain fertile almost. until the end of life. 5. The researchers added: "Although an enlarged brain and extended lifespan have conferred decisive fitness benefits to humans, ultimately these adaptations come at cost. (Source: The Times of India) 1. On the basis of the reading of the passage, answer any four questions in brief: (2 x 48 marks) 1. What fact do the findings of the researchers at George Washington University bring into light? 2. How do aging chimpanzees differ from humans? 3. How are humans far ahead of any other animal? 4. What are the changes seen in wild chimps in their 30s? 5. What do you know about female chimps? II. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words/phrases: 1. Human brains progressively shrink with 2. Alzheimer is a brain disease which may develop in humans in III. Find words from the above passage that mean the same as: 1. 'at risk' (Para 3) 2. 'overused' (Para 4)​

Answer 1

Answer:

oh my god! such a big question

Answer 2

Answer:

I dont know answer!!sorryyy