Read the given extract and answer the following questions.
When power is taken away from Central and state and given to local government it is called
decentralization. The basic idea behind decentralization is that there are a large number of
problems and issues which are best settled at the local level. People have better knowledge of
problems is their localities. They also have better idea on where to spend money and how to
manage things more efficiently. Besides, at the local level it is possible for the people to
directly participate is decision making this helps to inculcate a habit of democratic
participation. Local govt. is the best way to realize one important principle to democracy,
namely local self-government, the need for decentralization was recognized in our
constitution. Since then, there have been several attempts to decentralize power to the level of
village and towns panchayats in villages and municipalities in urban areas were setup in all
states but these were directly under the control of state governments. Elections to these local
governments were not held regularly, local governments did not have any power or resources
of their own. Thus, there was very little decentralization in effective terms. Major steps
towards decentralization were taken in 1992.
Answer the following MCQs by choosing, the most appropriate option
25.1 The above extract related to which of the following option.
A. Centralisation of power.
B. Decentralisation of power.
C. Power of state government.
D. Local self-government
25.2 The system of Panchayati Raj involves.
A. Village, state and union levels
B. Village, district and state levels
C. Village and state levels
D. Village, block and district levels
25.3Consider the following statements on the practice of federalism in India. Identify those which
hold true for decentralization after 1992.
A. A local government does not have any power or resources of their own.
B. It became constitutionally mandatory to hold regular election to local bodies.
C. The state governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local
government bodies.
D. No seats are reserved in the elected bodies for SC’s, ST’s and other backward classes.
i. B and C
ii. A and C
iii. A and D
iv. B and D
25.4 When power is taken away from central and state governments and given to local
government is called_____________.
A. Panchayats
B. Municipalities
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