Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow:
Haloalkanes are colourless (when pure), sweet smelling liquids. CHCI, CH.Br and CH-Cl and
freons are gases. Boiling point increases with increase in molecular weight and increase in
carbon chain and decreases with branching. They are insoluble in water due to inability to
form H-bonds with water. Dipole moment increases with polarity, density increases with
increase in molar mass. They are non-inflammable; therefore, CCl. is used as fire extinguisher
under the name pyrene. P-dichloro benzene has zero dipole moment, higher melting point
than o-dichloro benzene due to symmetry, fits into crystal lattice readily. Haloalkanes undergo
nucleophilic substitution reaction by Sx2 mechanism, 1°> 2> 3, Sx1 if carbocation formed is
stable. They also undergo nucleophilic elimination reactions with alcoholic KOH. Haloarenes
are less reactive than Haloalkanes towards nucleophilic substitution due to resonance.
Haloarenes undergo electrophilic substitution reaction like nitration, sulphonation, Friedel
Crafts alkylation, acylation. Chloroform is used as solvent, Freon is used as refrigerant, and
dichloromethane is used as paint remover. Iodoform is used as antiseptic. DDT is insecticide
but non-biodegradable.
(a) Arrange R-F, R-Br, R-I, R-Cl in increasing order of boiling point.
(b) Out of CH2=CH-CH:Cl and CH CH.CH.Cl which one undergoes Svi mechanism faster?
(c) Complete the following
СІ
Conc.
+ H,SO
(d) What is use of fully fluorinated organic compounds?
OR
Name the chlorine containing drug used in treatment of coronavirus and malaria.
(1x4=]
Answers
Answer:
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow:
Haloalkanes are colourless (when pure), sweet smelling liquids. CHCI, CH.Br and CH-Cl and
freons are gases. Boiling point increases with increase in molecular weight and increase in
carbon chain and decreases with branching. They are insoluble in water due to inability to
form H-bonds with water. Dipole moment increases with polarity, density increases with
increase in molar mass. They are non-inflammable; therefore, CCl. is used as fire extinguisher
under the name pyrene. P-dichloro benzene has zero dipole moment, higher melting point
than o-dichloro benzene due to symmetry, fits into crystal lattice readily. Haloalkanes undergo
nucleophilic substitution reaction by Sx2 mechanism, 1°> 2> 3, Sx1 if carbocation formed is
stable. They also undergo nucleophilic elimination reactions with alcoholic KOH. Haloarenes
are less reactive than Haloalkanes towards nucleophilic substitution due to