Read the passage given below carefully: 8
1. Research has shown that the human mind can process words at the rate of about
500 words per minute, whereas a speaker speaks at the rate of about 150 words a
minute. The difference between the two at 350 words is quite large.
2. So a speaker must make every effort to retain the attention of the audience. The
listener should also be careful not to let his mind wander. Good communication
calls for good listening skills. A good speaker must necessarily be a good listener.
3. Listening starts with hearing but goes beyond. Hearing, in other words is necessary,
but is not a sufficient condition for listening. Listening involves hearing with
attention. Listening is a process that calls for concentration. While listening, one
should also be observant. In other words, listening has to do with the ears, as well
as with the eyes and the mind. Listening is to be understood as the total process that
involves hearing with attention, being observant and making interpretations. Good
communication is essentially an interactive process. It calls for participation and
involvement. It is quite often a dialogue rather than a monologue. It is necessary to
be interested and also show or make it abundantly clear that one is interested in
knowing what the other person has to say.
4. Good listening is an art that can be cultivated. It relates to skills that can be
developed. A good listener knows the art of getting much more than what the
speaker is trying to convey. He knows how to prompt, persuade but not to cut off
or interrupt what the other person has to say. At times the speaker may or may not
be coherent, articulate and well-organized in his thoughts and expressions. He may
have it in his mind and yet he may fail to marshal the right words while
communicating his thoughts. Nevertheless a good listener puts him at ease, helps
him articulate and facilitates him to get across the message that he wants to convey.
For listening to be effective, it is also necessary that barriers to listening are
removed. Such barriers can be both physical and psychological. Physical barriers
generally relate to hindrance to proper hearing whereas psychological barriers are
more fundamental and relate to the interpretation and evaluation of the speaker and
the message.
1.1 On the basis of your reading of passage make notes on it, using headings
and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary - minimum
4) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it.
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