Question

Read the passage given below :
We know that day and night are caused by the rotation of the Earth on its axis, so that for part of the time a place on the globe faces towards the sun and for the rest of the time it is turned away from it.
To early people, a day meant the span of time between sunrise and sunset. We still use the word in this way to distinguish it from the period of darkness that we call night. But as civilization developed, it became necessary to identify days more accurately and to work out when they began and ended.
Ancient Greeks measured their day from sunset to sunset. The Romans, unlike the Greeks, measured their day from midnight to midnight. Most modern countries use this Roman Method.
Before mechanical clocks were invented, people divided the day and night into 12 hours each, but this method proved impractical because the length of the day differed with the seasons. The invention of the clock helped in developing a system of measuring time that is now used almost everywhere. Under this system, the day lasts for 24 hours from midnight to midnight. Although we no longer divide the day and night into 12 hours each, we still use two periods of 12 hours each. These equal halves are distinguished, by the abbreviations a.m. (ante meridien, a Latin phrase meaning 'before midday') for the period from 12 midnight to 12 noon, and p.m. (post meridien, meaning 'after midday') for the period from 12 noon to 12 midnight. Other ways of splitting up the day include the division into morning (from midnight to noon), afternoon (from noon to dusk), and night (from dusk to midnight). A variable period, called the evening, falls between about 5 p.m. and the end of twilight. It is the period after sunset when the sun is only just below the horizon. In summer, the evenings are longer than in winter.
On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer the following questions as briefly as possible. Write the answers in your answer sheet against the correct blank number.

(a) How are day and night caused ?
(b) The ancient Greeks measured the day from sunset to sunset; How do the Romans measured it.
(c) How many hours make a day in the modern system ?
(d) What does the abbreviation "a.m." stands for ?
(e) What is meant by p.m. ?
(f) Why can't we divide the day and the night into twelve hours each ?
(g) Which part of the day is usually referred to as the evening ?
(h) 'when they began and ended' (Para 2). What does the word 'they' here refer to ?

Answer 1

(a) By rotation of the Earth on its axis.
(b) from midnight to midnight.
(c) Twenty-four.
(d) ante meridien—before midday.
 (e) post meridien—after midday.
(f) Because the length of days and nights differs with the seasons.
 (g) From about 5 p.m. to the end of twilight.
(h) Days.

Answer 2

Answer:

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Explanation:

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