Question

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:
Following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, European governments were driven by a spirit of
conservatism. Conservatives believed that established, traditional institutions of state and society
– like the monarchy, the Church, social hierarchies, property and the family –should be preserved.
Most conservatives, however, did not propose a return to the society of pre-revolutionary days.
Rather, they realised, from the changes initiated by Napoleon, that modernisation could in fact
strengthen traditional institutions like the monarchy. It could make state power more effective and
stronger. A modern army, an efficient bureaucracy, a dynamic economy, the abolition of feudalism
and serfdom could strengthen the autocratic monarchies of Europe. In 1815, representatives of the
European powers who had collectively defeated Napoleon, met at Vienna to draw up a settlement
for Europe. The Congress was hosted by the Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich. The delegates
drew up the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 with the object of undoing most of the changes that had come
about in Europe during the Napoleonic wars. The Bourbon dynasty, which had been deposed
during the French Revolution, was restored to power, and France lost the territories it had annexed
under Napoleon. A series of states were set up on the boundaries of France to prevent French
expansion in future.
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option
23.1 Which of the following statements correctly describes European conservative
ideology?
(1)
A. Preservation of beliefs introduced by Napoleon
B. Preservation of two sects of Christianity
C. Preservation of socialist ideology in the economic sphere
D. Preservation of traditionalist beliefs in state and society
23.2 Identify the purpose to convene the Vienna of Congress in 1815 from the following options?
(1)
A. To declare competition of German unification
B. To restore conservative regime in Europe
C. To declare war against France
D. To start the process of Italian Unification
23. 3. What did conservatives focus on at the Congress of Vienna? Select the appropriate option.(1)
4
A. To re-establish peace and stability in Europe
B. To establish socialism in Europe
C. To introduce democracy in France
D. To set up a new Parliament in Austria
23.4 How did the Congress of Vienna ensure peace in Europe? Select the appropriate option. (1)
A. With the restoration of Bourbon Dynasty
B. Austria was not given the control of Northern Italy
C. Laying out a balance of power between all the great powers in Europe
D. By giving power to the German confederation

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

23.1 ( D)

23.2 ( B)

23.3 (A)

23.4 (A)

Answer 2

23.1 - Preservation of traditionalist beliefs in state and society (d)

23.2 - To restore conservative regime in Europe (b)

23.3 - To re-establish peace and stability in Europe (a)

23.4 - With the restoration of the Bourbon Dynasty (a)

Explanation: 23.1

• The European conservative ideology believed that the preservation of traditionalist beliefs in state and society is important.
• Hence, option "D" is the correct option.

Explanation: 23.2

• The purpose was to convene the Vienna of congress in 1815in order to restore the conservative regime in Europe.

• Conservatives were the people who believed that the preservation of traditionalism and culture are of utmost importance.

Explanation: 23.3

• The conservatives focus on at the Congress of Vienna to re-establish peace and stability in Europe.
• Hence, to re-establish stability in the province was the main objective of the congress of Vienna.

Explanation: 23.4

• With the restoration of the Bourbon dynasty, the congress of Vienna ensured peace in Europe.